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写在前面

接触WCF还是它在最初诞生之处，一个分布式应用的巨作。 从开始接触到现在断断续续，真正使用的项目少之又少，更谈不上深入WCF内部实现机制和原理去研究，最近自己做一个项目时用到了WCF。 从这个小项目中我学会了两个地方： 1、利用IIS部署WCF服务，也就是大家接触到的发布SVC文件。2、动态调用WCF接口。

在这个项目中接触WCF时遇到的其实不仅仅是这两个问题，甚至连IIS支持SVC文件也让我折腾了好几把，IIS都重新卸载了两次。 我在这篇文章里用两种方式来实现。

如何使用

1、第一种方式比较简单，而且也是大家喜欢的，因为不需要任何配置文件就可解决，只需知道服务契约接口和服务地址就可以调用。

2、使用Invoke的方式，但是需要在调用客户端配置WCF，配置后在Invoke类里封装服务契约接口即可。

客户端调用DEMO

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//第一种方式 string url = "http://localhost:3000/DoubleService.svc" ; IDoubleService proxy = WcfInvokeFactory.CreateServiceByUrl<IDoubleService>(url); int result = proxy.Add(1, 3); //第二种方式<br><br>int result1  = WCFInvoke.Invoke(t => t.Add(1, 3));<br><br>

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<system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name= "NewBehavior" > <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph= "65536000" /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name= "BasicHttpBinding_IDoubleService" closeTimeout= "01:00:00" openTimeout= "01:00:00" sendTimeout= "01:00:00" receiveTimeout= "01:00:00" maxBufferSize= "2147483647" maxBufferPoolSize= "524288" maxReceivedMessageSize= "2147483647" > <readerQuotas maxDepth= "128" maxStringContentLength= "2147483647" maxArrayLength= "16384" maxBytesPerRead= "4096" maxNameTableCharCount= "16384" /> </binding> </basicHttpBinding> <netMsmqBinding> <binding name= "NetMsmqBinding_IAsyncSender" > <security mode= "None" /> </binding> </netMsmqBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address= "http://localhost:3000/DoubleService.svc" binding= "basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration= "BasicHttpBinding_IDoubleService" contract= "DoubleStone.WebHost.IDoubleService" name= "BasicHttpBinding_IDoubleService" /> </client> </system.serviceModel>

第一种调用方式

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public class WcfInvokeFactory { #region WCF服务工厂 public static T CreateServiceByUrl<T>( string url) { return CreateServiceByUrl<T>(url, "basicHttpBinding" ); } public static T CreateServiceByUrl<T>( string url, string bing) { try { if ( string .IsNullOrEmpty(url)) throw new NotSupportedException( "This url is not Null or Empty!" ); EndpointAddress address = new EndpointAddress(url); Binding binding = CreateBinding(bing); ChannelFactory<T> factory = new ChannelFactory<T>(binding, address); return factory.CreateChannel(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception( "创建服务工厂出现异常." ); } } #endregion #region 创建传输协议 /// <summary> /// 创建传输协议 /// </summary> /// <param name="binding">传输协议名称</param> /// <returns></returns> private static Binding CreateBinding( string binding) { Binding bindinginstance = null ; if (binding.ToLower() == "basichttpbinding" ) { BasicHttpBinding ws = new BasicHttpBinding(); ws.MaxBufferSize = 2147483647; ws.MaxBufferPoolSize = 2147483647; ws.MaxReceivedMessageSize = 2147483647; ws.ReaderQuotas.MaxStringContentLength = 2147483647; ws.CloseTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 30, 0); ws.OpenTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 30, 0); ws.ReceiveTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 30, 0); ws.SendTimeout = new TimeSpan(0, 30, 0); bindinginstance = ws; } else if (binding.ToLower() == "nettcpbinding" ) { NetTcpBinding ws = new NetTcpBinding(); ws.MaxReceivedMessageSize = 65535000; ws.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.None; bindinginstance = ws; } else if (binding.ToLower() == "wshttpbinding" ) { WSHttpBinding ws = new WSHttpBinding(SecurityMode.None); ws.MaxReceivedMessageSize = 65535000; ws.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType = System.ServiceModel.MessageCredentialType.Windows; ws.Security.Transport.ClientCredentialType = System.ServiceModel.HttpClientCredentialType.Windows; bindinginstance = ws; } return bindinginstance; } #endregion }

第二种调用方式

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public class WCFInvoke { /// <summary> /// 你需要调用的服务契约 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="func"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static T Invoke<T>(Func<IDoubleService, T> func) { IServiceInvoker serviceInvoker= new WCFServiceInvoker(); return serviceInvoker.InvokeService(func); } }

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public interface IServiceInvoker { void InvokeService<T>(Action<T> invokeHandler) where T : class ; TReslt InvokeService<T, TReslt>(Func<T, TReslt> invokeHandler) where T : class ; } public class WCFServiceInvoker:IServiceInvoker { private static readonly ChannelFactoryManager FactoryManager = new ChannelFactoryManager(); private static readonly ClientSection ClientSection = ConfigurationManager.GetSection( "system.serviceModel/client" ) as ClientSection; public void InvokeService<T>(Action<T> invokeHandler) where T : class { KeyValuePair< string , string > endpointNameAddressPair = GetEndpointNameAddressPair( typeof (T)); var arg = FactoryManager.CreateChannel<T>(endpointNameAddressPair.Key, endpointNameAddressPair.Value); var obj2 = (ICommunicationObject)arg; try { invokeHandler(arg); } finally { try { if (obj2.State != CommunicationState.Faulted) { obj2.Close(); } } catch { obj2.Abort(); } } } public TReslt InvokeService<T, TReslt>(Func<T, TReslt> invokeHandler) where T : class { KeyValuePair< string , string > endpointNameAddressPair = GetEndpointNameAddressPair( typeof (T)); var arg = FactoryManager.CreateChannel<T>(endpointNameAddressPair.Key, endpointNameAddressPair.Value); var obj2 = (ICommunicationObject)arg; try { return invokeHandler(arg); } finally { try { if (obj2.State != CommunicationState.Closed || obj2.State != CommunicationState.Faulted) { obj2.Close(); } } catch { obj2.Abort(); } } } private KeyValuePair< string , string > GetEndpointNameAddressPair(Type serviceContractType) { var configException = new ConfigurationErrorsException( string .Format( "No client endpoint found for type {0}. Please add the section <client><endpoint name=\"myservice\" address=\"http://address/\" binding=\"basicHttpBinding\" contract=\"{0}\"/></client> in the config file." , serviceContractType)); if (((ClientSection == null ) || (ClientSection.Endpoints == null )) || (ClientSection.Endpoints.Count < 1)) { throw configException; } foreach (ChannelEndpointElement element in ClientSection.Endpoints) { if (element.Contract == serviceContractType.ToString()) { return new KeyValuePair< string , string >(element.Name, element.Address.AbsoluteUri); } } throw configException; } }

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public class ChannelFactoryManager : IDisposable { private static readonly Dictionary<Type, ChannelFactory> Factories = new Dictionary<Type, ChannelFactory>(); private static readonly object SyncRoot = new object (); public void Dispose() { Dispose( true ); } public virtual T CreateChannel<T>() where T : class { return CreateChannel<T>( "*" , null ); } public virtual T CreateChannel<T>( string endpointConfigurationName) where T : class { return CreateChannel<T>(endpointConfigurationName, null ); } public virtual T CreateChannel<T>( string endpointConfigurationName, string endpointAddress) where T : class { T local = GetFactory<T>(endpointConfigurationName, endpointAddress).CreateChannel(); ((IClientChannel)local).Faulted += ChannelFaulted; return local; } protected virtual ChannelFactory<T> GetFactory<T>( string endpointConfigurationName, string endpointAddress) where T : class { lock (SyncRoot) { ChannelFactory factory; if (!Factories.TryGetValue( typeof (T), out factory)) { factory = CreateFactoryInstance<T>(endpointConfigurationName, endpointAddress); Factories.Add( typeof (T), factory); } return (factory as ChannelFactory<T>); } } private ChannelFactory CreateFactoryInstance<T>( string endpointConfigurationName, string endpointAddress) { ChannelFactory factory = null ; factory = ! string .IsNullOrEmpty(endpointAddress) ? new ChannelFactory<T>(endpointConfigurationName, new EndpointAddress(endpointAddress)) : new ChannelFactory<T>(endpointConfigurationName); factory.Faulted += FactoryFaulted; factory.Open(); return factory; } private void ChannelFaulted( object sender, EventArgs e) { var channel = (IClientChannel)sender; try { channel.Close(); } catch { channel.Abort(); } } private void FactoryFaulted( object sender, EventArgs args) { var factory = (ChannelFactory)sender; try { factory.Close(); } catch { factory.Abort(); } Type[] genericArguments = factory.GetType().GetGenericArguments(); if ((genericArguments.Length == 1)) { Type key = genericArguments[0]; if (Factories.ContainsKey(key)) { Factories.Remove(key); } } } protected virtual void Dispose( bool disposing) { if (disposing) { lock (SyncRoot) { foreach (Type type in Factories.Keys) { ChannelFactory factory = Factories[type]; try { factory.Close(); } catch { factory.Abort(); } } Factories.Clear(); } } } }

总结

第一种方式比较常见，第二种方式是我参考另外一个项目中的写法，其中的有一些细节我还没有搞明白，实现了这个功能后还需要再看看这部分代码，再消化消化。由于是直接在项目中，所以没有提供源代码下载，有朋友需要的话我会整理出demo，稍后放出下载链接。