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Centos7服务器通过Chrony设置时间同步 + timedatectl命令的使用

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目录



1. timedatectl命令的使用

查看时间、时区和NTP状态 

[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl
      Local time: 三 2022-03-16 10:16:03 CST
  Universal time: 三 2022-03-16 02:16:03 UTC
        RTC time: 三 2022-03-16 02:16:04
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: yes
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@kudu1 ~]#

查看时区列表 

[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl list-timezones | grep -E "Asia/S.*"
Asia/Sakhalin
Asia/Samarkand
Asia/Seoul
Asia/Shanghai
Asia/Singapore
Asia/Srednekolymsk
[root@kudu1 ~]#

修改时区 

[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
[root@kudu1 ~]#

NTP服务的开启(true) / 关闭(false)，用于控制是否使用ntpd或Chrony同步服务 

[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl set-ntp false
[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl 
      Local time: 三 2022-03-16 10:27:42 CST
  Universal time: 三 2022-03-16 02:27:42 UTC
        RTC time: 三 2022-03-16 02:27:43
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: yes
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@kudu1 ~]#

修改Local time日期时间，需先关闭NTP服务。可以修改日期、时间、日期时间 

[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl set-time 2021-10-01
[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl
      Local time: 五 2021-10-01 00:00:04 CST
  Universal time: 四 2021-09-30 16:00:04 UTC
        RTC time: 四 2021-09-30 16:00:05
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl set-time 12:00:00
[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl
      Local time: 五 2021-10-01 12:00:02 CST
  Universal time: 五 2021-10-01 04:00:02 UTC
        RTC time: 五 2021-10-01 04:00:02
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl set-time "2022-03-16 10:32:00"
[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl
      Local time: 三 2022-03-16 10:32:02 CST
  Universal time: 三 2022-03-16 02:32:02 UTC
        RTC time: 三 2022-03-16 02:32:03
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: no
NTP synchronized: no
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@kudu1 ~]#

设置硬件时间，即RTC时间，为本地时间(1) / UTC时间(0) 

[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl set-local-rtc 0
[root@kudu1 ~]#



2. Chrony设置时间同步的使用

chrony包含两个程序

  1. chronyd是一个守护程序
  2. chronyc是一个命令行程序，用于监视chronyd并在运行时更改各种操作参数



2.1 安装

在服务端和客户端，安装Chrony 

[root@kudu1 ~]# yum -y install chrony
[root@kudu1 ~]#



2.2 配置

修改/etc/chrony.conf


服务端配置

注释以下几行 

#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst

在注释的下面添加 

server ntp.aliyun.com iburst
server ntp.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn iburst

修改如下 

allow 192.168.23.0/16


客户端配置


注释以下几行 

#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst

在注释的下面添加 

server 192.168.23.121 iburst



2.3 启动

在服务端和客户端，启动Chrony 

[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# systemctl start chronyd
[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@kudu1 ~]#

查看linux是否开启NTP同步 

[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# timedatectl 
      Local time: 三 2022-03-16 11:00:25 CST
  Universal time: 三 2022-03-16 03:00:25 UTC
        RTC time: 三 2022-03-16 03:00:25
       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
     NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: yes
 RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a
[root@kudu1 ~]#



2.4 chronyc相关命令使用

查看ntp_servers 

[root@kudu1 ~]# chronyc sources -v
210 Number of sources = 2

  .-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.
 / .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,
| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample               
===============================================================================
^* 203.107.6.88                  2   6   377    26    +29ms[  +33ms] +/-   78ms
^? 2402:f000:1:416:101:6:6:>     0   8     0     -     +0ns[   +0ns] +/-    0ns
[root@kudu1 ~]#

查看ntp_servers状态 

[root@kudu1 ~]# chronyc sourcestats -v
210 Number of sources = 2
                             .- Number of sample points in measurement set.
                            /    .- Number of residual runs with same sign.
                           |    /    .- Length of measurement set (time).
                           |   |    /      .- Est. clock freq error (ppm).
                           |   |   |      /           .- Est. error in freq.
                           |   |   |     |           /         .- Est. offset.
                           |   |   |     |          |          |   On the -.
                           |   |   |     |          |          |   samples. \
                           |   |   |     |          |          |             |
Name/IP Address            NP  NR  Span  Frequency  Freq Skew  Offset  Std Dev
==============================================================================
203.107.6.88                9   6   330     +4.032    134.944    +62us  8669us
2402:f000:1:416:101:6:6:>   0   0     0     +0.000   2000.000     +0ns  4000ms
[root@kudu1 ~]#

查看ntp_servers是否在线 

[root@kudu1 ~]# chronyc activity -v
200 OK
2 sources online
0 sources offline
0 sources doing burst (return to online)
0 sources doing burst (return to offline)
0 sources with unknown address
[root@kudu1 ~]#

查看ntp详细信息 

[root@kudu1 ~]# 
[root@kudu1 ~]# chronyc tracking -v
Reference ID    : CB6B0658 (203.107.6.88)
Stratum         : 3
Ref time (UTC)  : Wed Mar 16 03:22:40 2022
System time     : 0.001107589 seconds fast of NTP time
Last offset     : -0.000784305 seconds
RMS offset      : 0.003900274 seconds
Frequency       : 15.156 ppm fast
Residual freq   : +0.123 ppm
Skew            : 85.192 ppm
Root delay      : 0.064712383 seconds
Root dispersion : 0.008965795 seconds
Update interval : 64.6 seconds
Leap status     : Normal
[root@kudu1 ~]#


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