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在javaEE项目中，需要将工程部署到远程服务器上，如果部署的频率比较高，手动部署的方式就比较麻烦，可以利用Ant工具实现快捷的部署。这篇博文详细介绍了ant配置的步骤（

http://www.cnblogs.com/GloriousOnion/archive/2012/12/18/2822817.html

），但是在tomcat7以上不适用，需要修改配置，具体如下：

1.配置tomcat的用户角色

tomcat7中的用户角色有：

manager-gui — Access to the HTML interface.

manager-status — Access to the “Server Status” page only.

manager-script — Access to the tools-friendly plain text interface that is described in this document, and to the “Server Status” page.

manager-jmx — Access to JMX proxy interface and to the “Server Status” page.

我们要用到的是manager-script，在tomcat-users.xml 中进行配置。加入以下代码：

<role rolename=”manager-script” />

<user username=”用户名” password=”密码”  roles=”manager-script”>

2.配置Ant环境

以前在 6.0 的时候, 我们会在 classpath中加入catalina-ant.jar 包,具体操作为 :window–>preferences,左边:ant–>runtime,在右边的 classpath标签中的global entries 下加入 external jars,路径指向 tomcat_home/lib/catalina-ant.jar, 只需这一个即可,但是现在 7.0得再加几个才行:

lib/catalina-ant.jar,lib/tomcat-coyote.jar,lib/tomcat-util.jar,bin/tomcat-juli.jar

3.编写build.xml文件

<project name=”工程名” default=”redeploy” basedir=”.”>

<!– Configure the directory into which the web application is built –>

<property name=”build” value=”${basedir}/build”/>

<!– Configure the context path for this application –>

<property name=”path” value=”/应用的名称”/>

<!– Configure properties to access the Manager application –>

<property name=”url”      value=”http://你的域名/manager/text”/>

<property name=”username” value=”步骤1中配置的用户名”/>

<property name=”password” value=”步骤1中配置的密码”/>

<!– Configure the custom Ant tasks for the Manager application –>

<taskdef name=”deploy”    classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.DeployTask”/>

<taskdef name=”list”      classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.ListTask”/>

<taskdef name=”reload”    classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.ReloadTask”/>

<taskdef name=”findleaks” classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.FindLeaksTask”/>

<taskdef name=”resources” classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.ResourcesTask”/>

<taskdef name=”start”     classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.StartTask”/>

<taskdef name=”stop”      classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.StopTask”/>

<taskdef name=”undeploy”  classname=”org.apache.catalina.ant.UndeployTask”/>

<!– Executable Targets –>

<target name=”compile” description=”Compile web application”>

<!– … construct web application in ${build} subdirectory, and

generated a ${path}.war … –>

<delete dir=”${build}”/>

<mkdir dir=”${build}”/>

<war destfile=”${build}/school.war” webxml=”WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml”>

<classes dir=”WebRoot/WEB-INF/classes”>

<exclude name=”**/*.xml”/>

</classes>

<lib dir=”WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib” />

<fileset dir=”WebRoot”>

<include name=”**/**.*” />

<exclude name=”**/*.jar”/>

<exclude name=”**/*.class”/>

</fileset>

</war>

</target>

<target name=”deploy” description=”Install web application” depends=”compile”>

<deploy url=”${url}” username=”${username}” password=”${password}” path=”${path}” war=”${build}/school.war”/>

</target>

<target name=”reload” description=”Reload web application” depends=”compile”>

<reload  url=”${url}” username=”${username}” password=”${password}” path=”${path}”/>

</target>

<target name=”undeploy” description=”Remove web application”>

<undeploy url=”${url}” username=”${username}” password=”${password}” path=”${path}”/>

</target>

<target name=”redeploy” description=”Remove and Install web application”>

<antcall target=”undeploy”/>

<antcall target=”deploy”/>

</target>

</project>

最后运行该文件，你的工程就可以部署到远程tomcat上了。

具体的说明可参考官方的文档：

http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/manager-howto.html#Executing_Manager_Commands_With_Ant