jQuery的ajax方法

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jQuery的ajax方法


ajxa方法



url

表示请求的地址


type

表示请求的类型


data

表示发送服务器的数据

格式有两种:

一、

name=value&name=value


二、

{key:value}



success

请求成功,响应的回调函数


dataType

响应的数据 常用的数据类型有text 表示纯文本、xml 表示xml数据、json 表示json数据

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta  http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0">
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
      $(function (){
          // ajax请求
          $("#ajaxBtn").click(function(){
              $.ajax({
                  url:"http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax",
                  //data:"action=jqueryAjax",
                  data:{action:jqueryAjax},
                  type:"GET",
                  success:function (data){
                    //alert("服务器返回的数据类型:"+data);
                    //var jsonObj=JSON.parse(data);

                    $("#msg").html("姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex);
                  },
                  dataType:"json"
              });
          });
      });
    </script>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
    <button id="ajaxBtn">$.ajax请求</button>
    <button id="getBtn">$.get请求</button>
    <button id="postBtn">$.post请求</button>
    <button id="getJsonBtn">$.getJson请求</button>
</div>
<div id="msg">

</div>
</body>
</html>


这里引入js包是通过

 <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.js"></script>



$.get方法



$.post方法


url

带载入页面的url地址


data

待发送key/value参数


callback

载入成功回调函数


type

返回内容格式,xml,html,script,json,text_default

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta  http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0">
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
      $(function (){
          // ajax请求
          $("#ajaxBtn").click(function(){
              $.ajax({
                  url:"http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax",
                  //data:"action=jqueryAjax",
                  data:{action:jqueryAjax},
                  type:"GET",
                  success:function (data){
                    //alert("服务器返回的数据类型:"+data);
                    //var jsonObj=JSON.parse(data);

                    $("#msg").html("姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex);
                  },
                  dataType:"json"
              });
          });
          $("#getBtn").click(function (){
              $.get({
                  url:"http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax",
                  data:"action=jqueryGet",
                  success:function(data){
                      $("#msg").html("get 姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex);
                  },
                  dataType: "json"
              });
          });

          $("#postBtn").click(function (){
              $.post({
                  url:"http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax",
                  data:"action=jqueryPost",
                  success:function(data){
                      $("#msg").html("post 姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex);
                  },
                  dataType: "json"
              });
          });
      });
    </script>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
    <button id="ajaxBtn">$.ajax请求</button>
    <button id="getBtn">$.get请求</button>
    <button id="postBtn">$.post请求</button>
    <button id="getJsonBtn">$.getJson请求</button>
</div>
<div id="msg">

</div>
</body>
</html>



ajax——jquery 的getJSON方法

概述:通过HTTP GET请求载入JSON数据。


url

请求的url地址


data

发送给服务器的数据


callback

成功的回调函数

 $("#getJsonBtn").click(function (){
              $.getJSON("http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax","action=jqueryGetJSON",function (data){
                  $("#msg").html("getJSON 姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex)
              });
          });




表单序列化serialize()


serialize()

可以把表单中所有表单项的内容都获取到,并以

name=value&name=value

的形式进行拼接

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta  http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0">
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
      $(function (){
          // ajax请求
          $("#ajaxBtn").click(function(){
              $.ajax({
                  url:"http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax",
                  //data:"action=jqueryAjax",
                  data:{action:jqueryAjax},
                  type:"GET",
                  success:function (data){
                    //alert("服务器返回的数据类型:"+data);
                    //var jsonObj=JSON.parse(data);

                    $("#msg").html("姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex);
                  },
                  dataType:"json"
              });
          });
          $("#getBtn").click(function (){
              $.get({
                  url:"http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax",
                  data:"action=jqueryGet",
                  success:function(data){
                      $("#msg").html("get 姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex);
                  },
                  dataType: "json"
              });
          });

          $("#postBtn").click(function (){
              $.post({
                  url:"http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax",
                  data:"action=jqueryPost",
                  success:function(data){
                      $("#msg").html("post 姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex);
                  },
                  dataType: "json"
              });
          });

          $("#getJsonBtn").click(function (){
              $.getJSON("http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax","action=jqueryGetJSON",function (data){
                  $("#msg").html("getJSON 姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex)
              });
          });

          $("#submit").click(function (){
              //把参数序列化
              alert($("#form01").serialize());
              $.getJSON("http://localhost:8080/JavaWEB/ajax","action=jquerySerialize&"+$("#form01").serialize(),function (data){
                  $("#msg").html("jquerySerialize 姓名:"+data.name+",年龄:"+data.age+",性别:"+data.sex)
              });
          });

      });
    </script>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
    <button id="ajaxBtn">$.ajax请求</button>
    <button id="getBtn">$.get请求</button>
    <button id="postBtn">$.post请求</button>
    <button id="getJsonBtn">$.getJson请求</button>
</div>
<div id="msg">

</div>


<br><br>

<form id="form01">
    用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码:<input type="password" name="password"> <br>
    下拉单选:
    <select name="single">
        <option value="single1">single1</option>
        <option value="single2">single2</option>
    </select>
    <br>
    下拉多选:
    <select name="multiple" multiple="multiple">
        <option value="Multiple1" selected="selected">Multiple1</option>
        <option value="Multiple2">Multiple2</option>
        <option value="Multiple3" selected="selected">Multiple3</option>
    </select>
    <br>
    复选:
    <input type="checkbox" name="check" value="check1">check1
    <input type="checkbox" name="check" value="check2" checked="checked">check2 <br>
    单选:
    <input type="radio" name="radio" value="radio1" checked="checked">radio1
    <input type="radio" name="radio" value="radio2">radio2 <br>

</form>
<button id="submit">提交-seriliaze</button>

</body>
</html>

服务端servlet程序接收:

   protected void jquerySerialize(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("jquerySerialize  请求过来了");

        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        System.out.println("用户名:"+username);
        System.out.println("密码:"+password);
        Student student = new Student("张三", 25, "男");

        Gson gson = new Gson();

        String s = gson.toJson(student);

        resp.getWriter().write(s);

    }
    ```



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