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效果图：

代码实现：

import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
import { Menu } from 'antd';
import {useNavigate, useLocation} from 'react-router-dom'
// import { ReadOutlined, EditOutlined, DatabaseOutlined ,MailOutlined,AppstoreOutlined} from '@ant-design/icons';
import { menuTree } from '../request/api'
const { SubMenu } = Menu;
// const { Sider } = Layout;
export default function Aside() {
    const navigate = useNavigate()
    const location = useLocation()
    const [defaultKey, setDefaultKey] = useState('')

    const [list,menuList] = useState([])
    
    // 请求封装
    const getList = () => {
        let id = localStorage.getItem('id');
        menuTree({id}).then(res=>{
            menuList(res.data);
        })
    }

    // 请求列表数据  componentDidMount
    useEffect(() => {
        getList()
    }, [])

    // 一般加个空数组就是为了模仿componentDidMounted
    useEffect(()=>{
        let path = location.pathname=="/"?"/first/first":location.pathname;
        console.log(path,"path");
        setDefaultKey(path);
    }, [location.pathname])

    const handleClick = (e) => {
        navigate(e.key)
        setDefaultKey(e.key)
    };

    return (
        <Menu
            className='menuList'
            onClick={handleClick}
            style={{ width: 240 }}
            selectedKeys={[defaultKey]}
            theme="dark"
            mode="inline">
                {
                    list.map(item=>{
                        if(item.childMenu.length>0){
                            return <SubMenu key={'/'+item.url} title={item.name}>
                                {
                                    item.childMenu.map(node=>{
                                        return <Menu.Item key={'/'+node.url}>{node.name}</Menu.Item>
                                    })
                                }
                            </SubMenu>
                        }
                        return <Menu.Item key={'/'+item.url}>{item.name}</Menu.Item>
                        
                    })
                }
        </Menu>

    )
}