前言:
最近公司有这样一个需求,对公司的统计数据使用图表进行展示,并且支持word导出,word文档中需要包含
思路分析:
首先看到图表,第一步就想到echarts或highcharts,但是我们一般使用前面2个图表软件默认需要使用html,运行在浏览器中,如果我们需要将统计图表通过word 导出,首先需要将图片生成并写入到word中,那么我们现在的第一步就变成了,使用java生成echarts图表并保存。既然echart需要运行在浏览器端,而且我们服务端又没有浏览器,那么我们可以通过使用无界面的浏览器来解决问题,既然总体思路确定了,那么我们就想到了无界面浏览器phantomjs.
phantomjs是什么
PhantomJS是一个基于webkit的JavaScript API。它使用QtWebKit作为它核心浏览器的功能,使用webkit来编译解释执行JavaScript代码。任何你可以在基于webkit浏览器做的事情,它都能做到。它不仅是个隐形的浏览器,提供了诸如CSS选择器、支持Web标准、DOM操作、JSON、HTML5、Canvas、SVG等,同时也提供了处理文件I/O的操作,从而使你可以向操作系统读写文件等。PhantomJS的用处可谓非常广泛,诸如网络监测、网页截屏、无需浏览器的 Web 测试、页面访问自动化等。
PhantomJS官方地址:
http://phantomjs.org/
。
PhantomJS官方API:
http://phantomjs.org/api/
。
PhantomJS官方示例:
http://phantomjs.org/examples/
。
PhantomJS GitHub:
https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/
1 phantomjs的安装
我们从phantomjs官网下载后,解压放入不要放入带有中文的目录中(中国程序员永远的痛),
并加入到环境变量path中,方便程序调用。
2 下载相关脚本
2.1 echarts.min.js
这个脚本可以从echarts官网下载
https://echarts.apache.org/zh/index.html
2.2 jquery.js
这个脚本可以通过jquery官网下载
2.3 echarts-convert.js
此脚本很重要,内容如下:负责将echarts的抓换,内容如下:
(function() {
var system = require('system');
var fs = require('fs');
var config = {
// define the location of js files
JQUERY : 'jquery-1.9.1.min.js',
ECHARTS3 : 'echarts/echarts-all4.js',
//ECHARTS3 : 'echarts.min_4.js',
// default container width and height
DEFAULT_WIDTH : '1000',
DEFAULT_HEIGHT : '600'
}, parseParams, render;
usage = function() {
console.log("\nUsage: phantomjs echarts-convert.js -options options -outfile filename -width width -height height"
+ "OR"
+ "Usage: phantomjs echarts-convert.js -infile URL -outfile filename -width width -height height\n");
};
pick = function() {
var args = arguments, i, arg, length = args.length;
for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
arg = args[i];
if (arg !== undefined && arg !== null && arg !== 'null' && arg != '0') {
return arg;
}
}
};
var base64Pad = '=';
var toBinaryTable = [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1
];
base64ToString = function(data) {
//console.log("data = "+data);
var result = '';
var leftbits = 0; // number of bits decoded, but yet to be appended
var leftdata = 0; // bits decoded, but yet to be appended
// Convert one by one.
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
var c = toBinaryTable[data.charCodeAt(i) & 0x7f];
//console.log("i = "+c);
var padding = (data.charCodeAt(i) == base64Pad.charCodeAt(0));
// Skip illegal characters and whitespace
if (c == -1) continue;
// Collect data into leftdata, update bitcount
leftdata = (leftdata << 6) | c;
leftbits += 6;
// If we have 8 or more bits, append 8 bits to the result
if (leftbits >= 8) {
leftbits -= 8;
// Append if not padding.
if (!padding)
result += String.fromCharCode((leftdata >> leftbits) & 0xff);
leftdata &= (1 << leftbits) - 1;
}
}
console.log(result);
// if (leftbits)
// throw Components.Exception('Corrupted base64 string');
return result;
};
getParams = function() {
var map={}, i, key;
if (system.args.length < 2) {
usage();
phantom.exit();
}
for (i = 0; i < system.args.length; i += 1) {
if (system.args[i].charAt(0) === '-') {
key = system.args[i].substr(1, i.length);
if (key === 'infile') {
key = 'path';
try {
var vals = system.args[i + 1];
console.log("vals = "+vals);
map[key] = vals;
} catch (e) {
console.log('Error: cannot find file, ' + system.args[i + 1]);
phantom.exit();
}
} else {
map[key]= system.args[i + 1];
}
}
}
return map;
};
parseParams = function() {
var map = {};
var data= getParams();
var dataPath=data.path;
console.log("+++++dataPath++++++++")
console.log("dataPath-----"+dataPath)
var fs = require('fs');
var str = fs.read(dataPath);
map['options']=str;
map['outfile']=data.outfile;
return map;
};
render = function(params) {
var page = require('webpage').create(), createChart;
page.onConsoleMessage = function(msg) {
console.log(msg);
};
page.onAlert = function(msg) {
console.log(msg);
};
createChart = function(inputOption, width, height) {
var counter = 0;
function decrementImgCounter() {
counter -= 1;
if (counter < 1) {
console.log(messages.imagesLoaded);
}
}
function loadScript(varStr, codeStr) {
var script = $('<script>').attr('type', 'text/javascript');
script.html('var ' + varStr + ' = ' + codeStr);
document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script[0]);
if (window[varStr] !== undefined) {
console.log('Echarts.' + varStr + ' has been parsed');
}
}
function loadImages() {
var images = $('image'), i, img;
if (images.length > 0) {
counter = images.length;
for (i = 0; i < images.length; i += 1) {
img = new Image();
img.onload = img.onerror = decrementImgCounter;
img.src = images[i].getAttribute('href');
}
} else {
console.log('The images have been loaded');
}
}
// load opitons
if (inputOption != 'undefined') {
// parse the options
loadScript('options', inputOption);
// disable the animation
options.animation = false;
}
// we render the image, so we need set background to white.
$(document.body).css('backgroundColor', 'white');
var container = $("<div>").appendTo(document.body);
container.attr('id', 'container');
container.css({
width : width,
height : height
});
// render the chart
var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById("container"));
myChart.setOption(options);
// load images
loadImages();
};
// parse the params
page.open("about:blank", function(status) {
// inject the dependency js
page.injectJs(config.JQUERY);
page.injectJs(config.ECHARTS3);
var width = pick(params.width, config.DEFAULT_WIDTH);
var height = pick(params.height, config.DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
// create the chart
page.evaluate(createChart, params.options, width, height);
// define the clip-rectangle
page.clipRect = {
top : 0,
left : 0,
width : width,
height : height
};
// render the image
page.render(params.outfile);
console.log('render complete:' + params.outfile);
// exit
phantom.exit();
});
};
// get the args
var params = parseParams();
// validate the params
if (params.options === undefined || params.options.length === 0) {
console.log("ERROR: No options or infile found.");
usage();
phantom.exit();
}
// set the default out file
if (params.outfile === undefined) {
var tmpDir = fs.workingDirectory + '/tmp';
// exists tmpDir and is it writable?
if (!fs.exists(tmpDir)) {
try {
fs.makeDirectory(tmpDir);
} catch (e) {
console.log('ERROR: Cannot make tmp directory');
}
}
params.outfile = tmpDir + "/" + new Date().getTime() + ".png";
}
// render the image
render(params);
}());
注意(大写加粗,这3个文件需要放在同一目录(也可以改路径))
:
3 代码实现
package com;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* <p>Title: </p>
* <p>Description: </p>
* <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2018</p>
* <p>Company: http://www.ubisys.com.cn/</p>
*
* @Auther: cw
* @Date: 2020/1/21 17:35
*/
public class T {
private static final String JSpath = "D:\\phantomjs-2.1.1-windows\\echarts-convert\\echarts-convert.js";
public static void main(String[] args) {
String options = "{\"title\":{\"text\":\"销售图\",\"subtext\":\"销售统计\",\"x\":\"CENTER\"},\"toolbox\": {\"feature\": {\"saveAsImage\": {\"show\": true,}}},\"tooltip\": {\"show\": true},\"legend\": {\"data\":[\"直接访问\",\"邮件营销\",\"联盟广告\",\"视频广告\",\"搜索引擎\"]}, \"series\":[{\"name\":\"访问来源\",\"type\":\"pie\",\"radius\": '55%',\"center\": ['50%', '60%'],\"data\":[{\"value\":335, \"name\":\"直接访问\"},{\"value\":310, \"name\":\"邮件营销\"},{\"value\":234, \"name\":\"联盟广告\"},{\"value\":135, \"name\":\"视频广告\"},{\"value\":1548, \"name\":\"搜索引擎\"}]}]}";
String picPath = generateEChart(options);
}
/*
* 主程序
*/
public static String generateEChart(String options) {
String dataPath = writeFile(options);
String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ".png";
String path = "D:/" + fileName;
try {
File file = new File(path); //文件路径
if (!file.exists()) {
File dir = new File(file.getParent());
dir.mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
}
String cmd = "phantomjs " + JSpath + " -infile " + dataPath + " -outfile " + path;//生成命令行
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
String line = "";
while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
}
input.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
}
return path;
}
/*
*
* options生成文件存储
*/
public static String writeFile(String options) {
String dataPath = "D:\\" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0, 8) + ".json";
try {
/* option写入文本文件 用于执行命令*/
File writename = new File(dataPath);
if (!writename.exists()) {
File dir = new File(writename.getParent());
dir.mkdirs();
writename.createNewFile(); //
}
BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(writename));
out.write(options);
out.flush(); // 把缓存区内容压入文件
out.close(); // 最后关闭文件
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return dataPath;
}
}
后语:示例中echarts的options,是使用写死的json串,现实中我们的options可能从数据库动态生成的,在此给大家推荐一个使用java生成echarts的开源库,如果有需要请大家自行参阅。
码云地址:
https://gitee.com/free/ECharts
文中的源码和相关软件我会传到github,上,如果大家需要欢迎下载。(github又抽风连不上去了)
git@github.com:shao139772/genertorEchartsPhoto.git