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1. linux内核调试环境分为两部分

1)用bochs调试汇编

2)用qemu调试从start_kernel开始的部分

2. 环境说明:

内核版本: 2.6.11

ubuntu: 6.10

qemu: qemu-stable-0.13

busybox: 1.10.4

3. 安装ubuntu

4. 安装软件包

4.1 更新软件源

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu  edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

软件包

sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

5. 制作根文件系统

使用busybox制作文件系统，busybox的版本是：1.10.4

//如果不用这个版本的制作ramdisk，会导致无法关机。

1. 选择静态库
   
   make menuconfig

Busybox Settings  --->
                Build Options  ---> 
                [*] Build BusyBox as a static binary (no shared libs)

2. make -j4

Device Drivers ---->
              Block devices   ---->
                            <*> RAM disk support
                            (16)  Default number of RAM disks
                            (65536) Default RAM disk size (kbytes)
                            [*]   Initial RAM disk (initrd) support

6. 制作ramdisk镜像

tom@tom:~/kernel$ cat mk_rootfs.sh 
#!/bin/bash
sudo rm -rf rootfs
sudo rm -rf tmpfs
sudo rm -rf ramdisk*
sudo mkdir rootfs
sudo cp busybox-1.10.4/_install/* rootfs/ -raf
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/proc/
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/sys/
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/tmp/
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/root/
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/var/
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/mnt/
sudo cp etc rootfs/ -arf
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/lib
#sudo cp -arf /lib/* rootfs/lib/
sudo cp -arf /lib/lib* rootfs/lib/
sudo cp -arf /lib/ld* rootfs/lib/
sudo rm -f rootfs/lib/*.a
sudo strip rootfs/lib/*
sudo mkdir -p rootfs/dev/
sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty1 c 4 1
sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty2 c 4 2
sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty3 c 4 3
sudo mknod rootfs/dev/tty4 c 4 4
sudo mknod rootfs/dev/console c 5 1
sudo mknod rootfs/dev/null c 1 3
sudo mknod rootfs/dev/ram b 1 1
sudo touch rootfs/etc/mdev.conf
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=ramdisk bs=1M count=32
sudo mkfs.ext2 -F ramdisk
sudo mkdir -p tmpfs
sudo mount -t ext2 ramdisk ./tmpfs/  -o loop
sudo cp -raf rootfs/*  tmpfs/
sudo umount tmpfs

7. 内核

选择关于ext3为y状态。

编译内核:

make bzImage -j4 O=../out