SpringBoot使用一个全局的配置文件 ， 配置文件名称是固定的.
有分成application.properties和application.yml两种结构,这两种结构:
application.properties:
语法结构 ：key=value
application.yml:
语法结构 ：key：空格 value
配置文件的作用 ：修改SpringBoot自动配置的默认值，因为SpringBoot在底层都给我们自动配置好了；
目前SpringBoot推荐使用yml的方式来进行配置
注入配置文件
三种注入方式: @Value注入;yaml配置文件注入; 自定义配置文件注入
1.在springboot项目中的resources目录下新建一个文件 application.yml
2.编写实体类Dog;
package com.kuang.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Dog {
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Dog(){
}
public Dog(String name,Integer age){
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
}
public String getName(){
return name;
}
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
public Integer getAge(){
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age){
this.age=age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Dog{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
2.编写实体类Person类
package com.kuang.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
public class Person {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Boolean happy;
private Date birth;
private Map<String,Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name, Integer age, Boolean happy, Date birth, Map<String, Object> maps, List<Object> lists, Dog dog) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.happy = happy;
this.birth = birth;
this.maps = maps;
this.lists = lists;
this.dog = dog;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Boolean getHappy() {
return happy;
}
public void setHappy(Boolean happy) {
this.happy = happy;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
return maps;
}
public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
this.maps = maps;
}
public List<Object> getLists() {
return lists;
}
public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
this.lists = lists;
}
public Dog getDog() {
return dog;
}
public void setDog(Dog dog) {
this.dog = dog;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", happy=" + happy +
", birth=" + birth +
", maps=" + maps +
", lists=" + lists +
", dog=" + dog +
'}';
}
}
第一种通过@Value注入
package com.kuang.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Dog {
@Value("旺财")
private String name;
@Value("3")
private Integer age;
public Dog(){
}
public Dog(String name,Integer age){
this.name=name;
this.age=age;
}
public String getName(){
return name;
}
public void setName(String name){
this.name=name;
}
public Integer getAge(){
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age){
this.age=age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Dog{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
在Springboot测试类上测试:
package com.kuang;
import com.kuang.pojo.Dog;
import com.kuang.pojo.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot01HelloworldApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private Dog dog;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(dog);
}
}
启动测试类:
第二种通过yaml配置文件注入
application.yml 全局配置文件进行对象属性配置:
person:
name: ${random.int}
age: ${random.int}
happy: false
birth: 2019/11/02
maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
lists:
- code
- music
- girl
dog:
name: ${person.hello:hello}_旺财
age: 3
其中,
r
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d
o
m
.
i
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t
:
随
机
赋
值
;
{random.int}:随机赋值;
r
a
n
d
o
m
.
i
n
t
:
随
机
赋
值
;
{person.hello:hello} 如果person.hello存在,则使用该值,如果不存在,则使用hello赋值
在person类中添加注解:@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = “person”) :将该类与配置文件application.yaml中的person进行绑定,在使用这个注解的时候,会提示包红,根据报红调跳转的页面
package com.kuang.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Boolean happy;
private Date birth;
private Map<String,Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name, Integer age, Boolean happy, Date birth, Map<String, Object> maps, List<Object> lists, Dog dog) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.happy = happy;
this.birth = birth;
this.maps = maps;
this.lists = lists;
this.dog = dog;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Boolean getHappy() {
return happy;
}
public void setHappy(Boolean happy) {
this.happy = happy;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
return maps;
}
public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
this.maps = maps;
}
public List<Object> getLists() {
return lists;
}
public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
this.lists = lists;
}
public Dog getDog() {
return dog;
}
public void setDog(Dog dog) {
this.dog = dog;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", happy=" + happy +
", birth=" + birth +
", maps=" + maps +
", lists=" + lists +
", dog=" + dog +
'}';
}
}
启动测试类
自定义配置文件注入
在application.yaml的同级目录下创建qinjiang.properties
配置文件内容如下
name= qinjiang
在Person类上添加@PropertySource(value = “classpath:qinjiang.properties”)和@Value(“${name}”)
package com.kuang.pojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:qinjiang.properties")
public class Person {
@Value("${name}")
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Boolean happy;
private Date birth;
private Map<String,Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name, Integer age, Boolean happy, Date birth, Map<String, Object> maps, List<Object> lists, Dog dog) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.happy = happy;
this.birth = birth;
this.maps = maps;
this.lists = lists;
this.dog = dog;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Boolean getHappy() {
return happy;
}
public void setHappy(Boolean happy) {
this.happy = happy;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
return maps;
}
public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
this.maps = maps;
}
public List<Object> getLists() {
return lists;
}
public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
this.lists = lists;
}
public Dog getDog() {
return dog;
}
public void setDog(Dog dog) {
this.dog = dog;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", happy=" + happy +
", birth=" + birth +
", maps=" + maps +
", lists=" + lists +
", dog=" + dog +
'}';
}
}
启动测试类
以上三种方法是对bean进行注入的方式。