http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/19203/showart_1913815.html

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命令参考大全

stty 命令

用途

设置、复位和报告工作站操作参数。

语法

stty

[


-a


] [


-g


][


Options


]

描述

stty

命令对当前为标准输入的设备设置某些 I/O 选项。该命令将输出写到当前为标准输出的设备中。

这个操作系统的版本使用标准 《X/Open 可移植性指南，发行版 4》 接口来控制终端，保持与 POSIX 和 BSD 接口的兼容性。

stty

命令支持 POSIX 和 BSD 的适应选项，但强烈推荐使用 POSIX 选项。同样提供

废弃的 BSD 选项

列表（带有对应的 POSIX 选项）。

输入以下命令时，可以将 tty 设备的标准输入重定向：

 stty -a </dev/ttyx

stty

命令（POSIX）将挂起并等待该 tty 的

open()

，直到确定 RS-232 载波检测信号。如果设置了

clocal

或

forcedcd

（仅对 128 端口）选项，这个规则将不适用。

标志

选项

stty

命令支持以下选项类别:

• 
  
  
  
  
  控制模式
  
• 
  
  
  
  
  输入方式
  
• 
  
  
  
  
  输出方式
  
• 
  
  
  
  
  本地模式
  
• 
  
  
  
  
  硬件流量控制模式
  
• 
  
  
  
  
  控制字符指定
  
• 
  
  
  
  
  组合模式
  
• 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  窗口大小
  

硬件流量控制模式

这些选项是对 《X/Open 可移植性指南，发行版 4》 标准的扩展。

控制指定

要将一个控制字符指定到某字符串中，请输入：

stty Control String

其中，

Control

参数可以是 INTR、QUIT、ERASE、KILL、EOF、EOL、EOL2、START、STOP、SUSP、DSUSP、

REPRINT、DISCARD、WERASE、LNEXT、MIN 或 TIME 参数。（使用字符 MIN 和 TIME 时，请加上

-icanon

选项。）

String

参数可以是任何单一的字符，比如

c

。以下内容为控制赋值的示例：

stty STOP c

另一种指定控制字符的方法可以是：输入一个字符序列，它是由一个  \^ (反斜杠，插入记号) 后面跟着一个单一字符组成的。如果跟在 ^ （插入记号）后的单一字符是下表的

^

c（插入记号 c）栏中列出的字符之一，将设置相应的控制字符值。例如，要使用 ?（问号）字符指定 DEL 控制字符，请输入字符串

\^?

（反斜杠，插入记号，问号），如下：

stty ERASE \^?

废弃选项

stty

命令支持以下 BSD 选项。 对于每个选项，都给出了建议的 POSIX 选项。

示例

1. 要显示您的工作站配置的简短列表，请输入：
   
   

   stty

   这将列出与缺省值不同的设置。

2. 要显示您的工作站配置的完整列表，请输入：
   
   
   
   stty
   
   -a
   
   
   
3. 要启用停止列表滚动出屏幕的按键顺序，请输入：
   
   

   stty ixon ixany

   这将设置
   
   ixon
   
   模式，从而可以通过按下 Ctrl-S 按键顺序来停止列表的滚动。
   
   ixany
   
   标志允许按任意键来恢复列表的滚动。正常的工作站配置包含
   
   ixon
   
   和
   
   ixany
   
   标志，使您可以用 Ctrl-S 按键顺序停止列表的滚动，而只有 Ctrl-Q 按键顺序才能使列表重新滚动。

4. 
   
   
   
   要重新设置搞乱的配置，请输入：
   
   
   
   Ctrl-J stty
   
   sane
   
   Ctrl-J
   
   

   在命令前后按 Ctrl-J 按键顺序，而不是按 Enter 键。当控制 Enter 键处理的参数搞乱时，系统通常能识别 Ctrl-J 按键顺序。
   
   

   有时屏幕上显示的信息可能看上去很奇怪，或当您按 Enter 键时系统不反应。当您使用
   
   stty
   
   命令，而它带有不兼容的参数或参数的操作难以理解时，可能会发生这种情况。当面向屏幕的应用程序异常结束并且无法复位工作站配置时，也可能发生这种情况。

   
   

   输入
   
   stty sane
   
   命令设置合理的配置，但它可能与您的正常配置略有不同。

5. 
   
   
   
   要保存和恢复终端的配置：
   
   

   OLDCONFIG=`stty -g`          # save configuration
   stty -echo                   # do not display password
   echo "Enter password: \c"
   read PASSWD                  # get the password
   stty $OLDCONFIG              # restore configuration

   该命令保存工作站的配置、关闭回送信号、读取密码并恢复原始配置。

   
   

   输入
   
   stty
   
   
   –
   
   
   echo
   
   命令关闭回送信号，这意味着当您在键盘上输入密码时，密码并不出现在屏幕上。此操作与
   
   echo
   
   命令（该命令在屏幕上显示消息）毫无关系

====

http://study.chyangwa.com/IT/AIX/aixcmds5/stty.htm#amcmi3a1manu

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4.5.2. The stty Command

The name

stty

probably means “set tty,” but the

stty

command can also be used to display a terminal’s configuration. Perhaps even more so than

setserial

, the

stty

command provides a bewildering number of characteristics you can configure. We’ll cover the most important of these in a moment. You can find the rest described in the

stty

manual page.

The

stty

command is most commonly used to configure terminal parameters, such as whether characters will be echoed or what key should generate a break signal. We explained earlier that serial devices are tty devices and the

stty

command is therefore equally applicable to them.

One of the more important uses of the

stty

for serial devices is to enable hardware handshaking on the device. We talked briefly about hardware handshaking earlier. The default configuration for serial devices is for hardware handshaking to be disabled. This setting allows “three wire” serial cables to work; they don’t support the necessary signals for hardware handshaking, and if it were enabled by default, they’d be unable to transmit any characters to change it.

Surprisingly, some serial communications programs don’t enable hardware handshaking, so if your modem supports hardware handshaking, you should configure the modem to use it (check your modem manual for what command to use), and also configure your serial device to use it. The

stty

command has a

crtscts

flag that enables hardware handshaking on a device; you’ll need to use this. The command is probably best issued from the

rc.serial

file (or equivalent) at boot time using commands like those shown in

Example 4-3

.

Example 4-3. Example rc.serial stty Commands

 #
 stty crtscts < /dev/ttyS0
 stty crtscts < /dev/ttyS1
 stty crtscts < /dev/ttyS2
 stty crtscts < /dev/ttyS3
 # 

The

stty

command works on the current terminal by default, but by using the input redirection (“<“) feature of the shell, we can have

stty

manipulate any tty device. It’s a common mistake to forget whether you are supposed to use “<” or “>”; modern versions of the

stty

command have a much cleaner syntax for doing this. To use the new syntax, we’d rewrite our sample configuration to look like that shown in

Example 4-4

.

Example 4-4. Example rc.serial stty Commands Using Modern Syntax

 #
 stty crtscts -F /dev/ttyS0
 stty crtscts -F /dev/ttyS1
 stty crtscts -F /dev/ttyS2
 stty crtscts -F /dev/ttyS3
 # 

We mentioned that the

stty

command can be used to display the terminal configuration parameters of a tty device. To display all of the active settings on a tty device, use:

 $ stty -a -F /dev/ttyS1 

The output of this command, shown in

Example 4-5

, gives you the status of all flags for that device; a flag shown with a preceding minus, as in

–crtscts

, means that the flag has been turned off.

Example 4-5. Output of stty -a Command

 speed 19200 baud; rows 0; columns 0; line = 0;
 intr = ^C; quit = ^\; erase = ^?; kill = ^U; eof = ^D; eol = <undef>; 
 eol2 = <undef>; start = ^Q; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; rprnt = ^R;
 werase = ^W; lnext = ^V; flush = ^O; min = 1; time = 0;
 -parenb -parodd cs8 hupcl -cstopb cread clocal -crtscts
 -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip -inlcr -igncr -icrnl -ixon
 -ixoff -iuclc -ixany -imaxbel
 -opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0
 bs0 vt0 ff0
 -isig -icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh -xcase -tostop
 -echoprt echoctl echoke 

A description of the most important of these flags is

given in

Table 4-2

. Each of these flags is enabled by supplying it to

stty

and disabled by supplying it to

stty

with the – character in front of it. Thus, to disable hardware handshaking on the

ttyS0

device, you would use:

$ stty -crtscts -F /dev/ttyS0

Table 4-2. stty Flags Most Relevant to Configuring Serial Devices

Flags   Description


N

Set the line speed to

N

bits per second.

crtsdts

Enable/Disable hardware handshaking.

ixon

Enable/Disable XON/XOFF flow control.

clocal

Enable/Disable modem control signals such as DTR/DTS and DCD. This is necessary if you are using a “three wire” serial cable because it does not supply these signals.

cs5 cs6 cs7 cs8

Set number of data bits to 5, 6, 7, or 8, respectively.

parodd

Enable odd parity. Disabling this flag enables even parity.

parenb

Enable parity checking. When this flag is negated, no parity is used.

cstopb

Enable use of two stop bits per character. When this flag is negated, one stop bit per character is used.

echo

Enable/Disable echoing of received characters back to sender.

The next example combines some of these flags and sets the

ttyS0

device to 19,200 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, and hardware handshaking with echo disabled:

$ stty 19200 cs8 -parenb crtscts -echo -F /dev/ttyS0

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http://linux.about.com/od/lna_guide/a/gdelna38t01.htm