一、软件硬件说明
软件：STM32CubeMX V6.6.1 /KEIL5 V5.29
硬件：STM32F429ZET6
原理图：
芯片引脚：
二、FMC简介
三、SDRAM简介
SDRAM信号线说明：
存储单元
四、STM32CubeMX配置
-
RCC配置
-
SYS配置
-
USART1配置，参数默认，方便输出调试信息
-
FMC配置，SDRAM驱动接口，参数配置如下
正点原子配置参数如下：
查看《W9825G6KH》数据手册，即可看到对应的参数：
-
时钟配置
-
工程配置
-
生成代码
五、代码介绍
sdram.c
/**
* @file sdram.c
* @brief SDRAM 的底层驱动(W9825G6KH-6 32M字节容量)
*
*/
/* 包含头文件 ----------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "sdram.h"
#include "fmc.h"
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
* 函 数 名: SDRAM_Send_Cmd
* 功能说明: 向SDRAM发送命令
* 形 参: hsdram : SDRAM_HandleTypeDef 结构体
* bankx ：0,向BANK5上面的SDRAM发送指令 ； 1,向BANK6上面的SDRAM发送指令
* cmd ：指令(0,正常模式/1,时钟配置使能/2,预充电所有存储区/3,自动刷新/4,加载模式寄存器/5,自刷新/6,掉电)
* refresh:自刷新次数
* regval:模式寄存器的定义
* 返 回 值: 0,正常;1,失败.
*********************************************************************************************************
*/
uint8_t SDRAM_Send_Cmd(SDRAM_HandleTypeDef *hsdram,uint8_t bankx,uint8_t cmd,uint8_t refresh,uint16_t regval)
{
uint32_t target_bank=0;
FMC_SDRAM_CommandTypeDef Command;
if(bankx==1) target_bank=FMC_SDRAM_CMD_TARGET_BANK1;
else if(bankx==2) target_bank=FMC_SDRAM_CMD_TARGET_BANK2;
Command.CommandMode=cmd; //命令
Command.CommandTarget=target_bank; //目标SDRAM存储区域
Command.AutoRefreshNumber=refresh; //自刷新次数
Command.ModeRegisterDefinition=regval; //要写入模式寄存器的值
if(HAL_SDRAM_SendCommand(hsdram,&Command,0X1000)==HAL_OK) //向SDRAM发送命令
{
return 0;
}
else return 1;
}
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
* 函 数 名: SDRAM_Init
* 功能说明: 发送SDRAM初始化序列
* 形 参: hsdram : SDRAM_HandleTypeDef 结构体
* 返 回 值: 无
* 备 注: 刷新频率计数器(以SDCLK频率计数),计算方法: COUNT=SDRAM刷新周期/行数-20=SDRAM刷新周期(us)*SDCLK频率(Mhz)/行数
* 我们使用的SDRAM刷新周期为64ms,SDCLK=168/2=84Mhz,行数为8192(2^13). 所以,COUNT=64*1000*84/8192-20=636
*********************************************************************************************************
*/
void SDRAM_Init(SDRAM_HandleTypeDef *hsdram)
{
uint32_t temp=0;
//SDRAM控制器初始化完成以后还需要按照如下顺序初始化SDRAM
SDRAM_Send_Cmd(hsdram,1,FMC_SDRAM_CMD_CLK_ENABLE,1,0); //时钟配置使能
HAL_Delay(1); //至少延时200us
SDRAM_Send_Cmd(hsdram,1,FMC_SDRAM_CMD_PALL,1,0); //对所有存储区预充电
SDRAM_Send_Cmd(hsdram,1,FMC_SDRAM_CMD_AUTOREFRESH_MODE,8,0);//设置自刷新次数
//配置模式寄存器,SDRAM的bit0~bit2为指定突发访问的长度，
//bit3为指定突发访问的类型，bit4~bit6为CAS值，bit7和bit8为运行模式
//bit9为指定的写突发模式，bit10和bit11位保留位
temp=(uint32_t)SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_LENGTH_1 | //设置突发长度:1(可以是1/2/4/8)
SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_TYPE_SEQUENTIAL | //设置突发类型:连续(可以是连续/交错)
SDRAM_MODEREG_CAS_LATENCY_3 | //设置CAS值:3(可以是2/3)
SDRAM_MODEREG_OPERATING_MODE_STANDARD | //设置操作模式:0,标准模式
SDRAM_MODEREG_WRITEBURST_MODE_SINGLE; //设置突发写模式:1,单点访问
SDRAM_Send_Cmd(hsdram,1,FMC_SDRAM_CMD_LOAD_MODE,1,temp); //设置SDRAM的模式寄存器
HAL_SDRAM_ProgramRefreshRate(hsdram,636);//设置刷新频率
}
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
* 函 数 名: FMC_SDRAM_WriteBuffer
* 功能说明: 在指定地址(WriteAddr+Bank5_SDRAM_ADDR)开始,连续写入n个字节.
* 形 参: pBuffer:字节指针
* WriteAddr:要写入的地址
* n:要写入的字节数
* 返 回 值: 无
*********************************************************************************************************
*/
void FMC_SDRAM_WriteBuffer(uint8_t *pBuffer,uint32_t WriteAddr,uint32_t n)
{
for(;n!=0;n--)
{
*(__IO uint8_t *)(Bank5_SDRAM_ADDR+WriteAddr)=*pBuffer;
WriteAddr++;
pBuffer++;
}
}
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
* 函 数 名: FMC_SDRAM_ReadBuffer
* 功能说明: 在指定地址((ReadAddr+Bank5_SDRAM_ADDR))开始,连续读出n个字节.
* 形 参: pBuffer:字节指针
* WriteAddr:要读出的起始地址
* n:要读出的字节数
* 返 回 值: 无
*********************************************************************************************************
*/
void FMC_SDRAM_ReadBuffer(uint8_t *pBuffer,uint32_t ReadAddr,uint32_t n)
{
for(;n!=0;n--)
{
*pBuffer++=*(__IO uint8_t *)(Bank5_SDRAM_ADDR+ReadAddr);
ReadAddr++;
}
}
sdram.h
#ifndef _SDRAM_H
#define _SDRAM_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* 包含头文件 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* 宏定义 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define EXT_SDRAM_ADDR ((uint32_t)0xC0000000)
#define EXT_SDRAM_SIZE (32 * 1024 * 1024)
#define Bank5_SDRAM_ADDR ((uint32_t)(0XC0000000)) //SDRAM开始地址
//SDRAM配置参数
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_LENGTH_1 ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_LENGTH_2 ((uint16_t)0x0001)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_LENGTH_4 ((uint16_t)0x0002)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_LENGTH_8 ((uint16_t)0x0004)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_TYPE_SEQUENTIAL ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_BURST_TYPE_INTERLEAVED ((uint16_t)0x0008)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_CAS_LATENCY_2 ((uint16_t)0x0020)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_CAS_LATENCY_3 ((uint16_t)0x0030)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_OPERATING_MODE_STANDARD ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_WRITEBURST_MODE_PROGRAMMED ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SDRAM_MODEREG_WRITEBURST_MODE_SINGLE ((uint16_t)0x0200)
/* 类型定义 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* 扩展变量 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* 函数声明 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void FMC_SDRAM_WriteBuffer(uint8_t *pBuffer,uint32_t WriteAddr,uint32_t n);
void FMC_SDRAM_ReadBuffer(uint8_t *pBuffer,uint32_t ReadAddr,uint32_t n);
void SDRAM_Init(SDRAM_HandleTypeDef *hsdram);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
/******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2021-2030 **********************************************END OF FILE***************************/
usart.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file usart.c
* @brief This file provides code for the configuration
* of the USART instances.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usart.h"
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END 0 */
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USART1 init function */
void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
huart1.Instance = USART1;
huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */
}
void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */
/* USART1 clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART1;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */
}
}
void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* Peripheral clock disable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
//加入以下代码,支持printf函数,而不需要选择use MicroLIB
#pragma import(__use_no_semihosting)
struct __FILE
{
int handle;
};
FILE __stdout;
//定义_sys_exit()以避免使用半主机模式
void _sys_exit(int x)
{
x = x;
}
//重定义fputc函数
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
while((USART1->SR&0X40)==0);//循环发送,直到发送完毕
USART1->DR = (int) ch;
return ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 1 */
main.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include "fmc.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "sdram.h"
#include "stdio.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
uint8_t writebuf[8] __attribute__((at(EXT_SDRAM_ADDR)));//将数组定义在外部SDRAM中
uint8_t writebuf1[8] = {0x11,0x22,0x33,0x44,0x55,0x66,0x5a,0xa5};
uint8_t readbuf[8];
uint8_t readbuf1[8];
uint8_t i = 0;
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_FMC_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
printf("SDRAM Test\r\n");
SDRAM_Init(&hsdram1);
// for(i = 0;i<8;i++)
// {
// writebuf[i] = 0x5a;
// }
//
// FMC_SDRAM_ReadBuffer(readbuf,0,8);
FMC_SDRAM_WriteBuffer(writebuf1,0,8);
HAL_Delay(100);
FMC_SDRAM_ReadBuffer(readbuf1,0,8);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
printf("%#x ",readbuf1[i]);
}
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 8;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 168;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
六、程序运行结果
两种验证方式：
第一种，直接将数组定义在外部SDRAM中，初始化时给数组赋值，然后读取SDRAM里面的数据
printf("SDRAM Test\r\n");
SDRAM_Init(&hsdram1);
for(i = 0;i<8;i++)
{
writebuf[i] = 0x5a;
}
FMC_SDRAM_ReadBuffer(readbuf,0,8);
串口调试助手截图;
程序DEBUG截图：
第二种验证方式，初始化时先写入数据到SDRAM，然后再读出数据，进行比对
/*第二种验证方式*/
FMC_SDRAM_WriteBuffer(writebuf1,0,8);
HAL_Delay(100);
FMC_SDRAM_ReadBuffer(readbuf1,0,8);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
printf("%#x ",readbuf1[i]);
}
串口调试助手截图：
程序DEBUG截图：
至此，SDRAM测试成功。
七、工程链接
百度网盘链接：
链接：
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1BvXDRRaWepTVMPznlEXFXw
提取码：93fx
版权声明：本文为chen18221987993原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。