业务需要使用谷歌的深度学习框架tensorflow，安装过程中遇到很多问题，真的很难处理，特此记录。
CentOS6.4
tensorflow 0.80
Python-2.7.11
1、卸载原来的pip
2、下载个pip 网站https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/
3、yum install python-devel libffi-devel openssl-devel
#python get-pip.py
报错：
出现：zipimport.ZipImportError: can’t decompress data; zlib not available错误
解决办法重新编译一下Python源码安装包，如下：
tar zxvf Python-2.7.11.tgz
cd Python-2.7.11
./configure
vi Modules/Setup
在这里把454行左右的 找到
#zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz
去掉注释
zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz
make
make install
报错：ImportError:cannot import name HTTPSHandler
解决：
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
然后重新编译python
安装tensorflow
pip install –upgrade https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.8.0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl
Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 26 2016, 11:18:30)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-16)] on linux2
Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.
>>> import tensorflow as tf
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “<stdin>”, line 1, in <module>
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py”, line 23, in <module>
from tensorflow.python import *
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py”, line 45, in <module>
from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py”, line 28, in <module>
_pywrap_tensorflow = swig_import_helper()
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py”, line 24, in swig_import_helper
_mod = imp.load_module(‘_pywrap_tensorflow’, fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.15′ not found (required by /usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/_pywrap_tensorflow.so)
tensorflow0.80版本编译的时候使用GLIBC_2.15，系统自带的是GLIBC_2.12，所以报错了。
安装新版glibc
1.glibc下载
从http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/ 下载源代码。我下载的版本是2.20，链接地址是http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.20.tar.gz
2.安装
因为glibc库使用广泛，为了避免污染当前系统环境，最好自定义安装目录，使用时定义一下环境变量就行了。具体步骤如下：
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网上使用这个方法（不修改原系统环境glibc，新建个目录安装调用新版glibc），
但是我没有成功，不要使用这个方法，参考后边的安装方法，
因为$LD_LIBRARY_PATH没有默认的内容
# tar xvf glibc-2.20.tar.gz
# cd glibc-2.20
[root@localhost glibc-2.20]# mkdir build
[root@localhost glibc-2.20]# cd ./build
[root@localhost build]# ../configure –prefix=/opt/glibc-2.20
[root@localhost build]# make -j4
[root@localhost build]# make install
3.测试
[root@localhost nvEncodeApp]# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/lib64:/opt/glibc-2.20/lib
[root@localhost nvEncodeApp]# ./nvEncoder
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:/opt/glibc-2.20/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
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严重问题处理：
安装过程中，因为修改/etc/ld.so.conf文件，ldconfig后导致输入命令后，报错：
#ls
ls: error while loading shared libraries: __vdso_time: invalid mode for dlopen(): Invalid argument
可以使用的命令：
echo “include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf” > /etc/ld.so.conf
临时解决可以使用ls、mv、cp、cat等命令的方法：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:/usr/lib64:/lib:/lib64:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
修改/etc/ld.so.conf为原来的内容
执行ldconfig，恢复正常
（ldconfig 命令的用途,主要是在默认搜寻目录(/lib和/usr/lib)以及动态库配置文件/etc/ld.so.conf内所列的目录下,
搜索出可共享的动态链接库(格式如前介绍,lib*.so*),进而创建出动态装入程序(ld.so)所需的连接和缓存文件.
缓存文件默认为/etc/ld.so.cache,此文件保存已排好序的动态链接库名字列表.）
configure: error:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH shouldn’t contain the current directory when building glibc. Please change the environment variable and run configure again.
很多命令不好用了
千万不要断开ssh，不然就远程不上去了
vi /etc/profile 加入
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:/usr/lib64:/lib:/lib64:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib64
# echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
继续重新安装glibc-2.17（参考下边的安装）
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我使用的方法（直接升级glibc）：
yum install gcc
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.17.tar.xz
xz -d glibc-2.17.tar.xz
tar -xvf glibc-2.17.tar
cd glibc-2.17
mkdir build
cd build
../configure –prefix=/usr –disable-profile –enable-add-ons –with-headers=/usr/include –with-binutils=/usr/bin
make && make install
需要等大概10分钟。
输入strings /lib64/libc.so.6|grep GLIBC发现已经更新
GLIBC_2.2.5
GLIBC_2.2.6
GLIBC_2.3
GLIBC_2.3.2
GLIBC_2.3.3
GLIBC_2.3.4
GLIBC_2.4
GLIBC_2.5
GLIBC_2.6
GLIBC_2.7
GLIBC_2.8
GLIBC_2.9
GLIBC_2.10
GLIBC_2.11
GLIBC_2.12
GLIBC_2.13
GLIBC_2.14
GLIBC_2.15
GLIBC_2.16
GLIBC_2.17
GLIBC_PRIVATE
Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 26 2016, 11:18:30)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-16)] on linux2
Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.
>>> import tensorflow as tf
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “<stdin>”, line 1, in <module>
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py”, line 23, in <module>
from tensorflow.python import *
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py”, line 45, in <module>
from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py”, line 28, in <module>
_pywrap_tensorflow = swig_import_helper()
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py”, line 24, in swig_import_helper
_mod = imp.load_module(‘_pywrap_tensorflow’, fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.14′ not found (required by /usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/_pywrap_tensorflow.so)
ImportError: /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.14′ not found
#strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
GLIBCXX_3.4.3
GLIBCXX_3.4.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.5
GLIBCXX_3.4.6
GLIBCXX_3.4.7
GLIBCXX_3.4.8
GLIBCXX_3.4.9
GLIBCXX_3.4.10
GLIBCXX_3.4.11
GLIBCXX_3.4.12
GLIBCXX_3.4.13
GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW
GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH
没有GLIBCXX_3.4.14版本支持，继续安装
(注意：libstdc++6_4.7.2-5_amd64.deb这是64位，libstdc++6_4.7.2-5_i386.deb这个是32位)
下载新版本，地址：http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gcc-4.7/libstdc++6_4.7.2-5_amd64.deb
ar -x libstdc++6_4.7.2-5_amd64.deb&&tar xvf data.tar.gz
#cd /root/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu （进入解压文件的目录中，我这里是下/root目录下解压的）
#ll
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Apr 26 15:21 libstdc++.so.6 -> libstdc++.so.6.0.17
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 991600 Jan 7 2013 libstdc++.so.6.0.17
# find / -name libstdc++.so.6
/usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
/root/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
#mv /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.bak
#cp libstdc++.so.6.0.17 /usr/lib64/
#cd /usr/lib64/
#chmod +x libstdc++.so.6.0.17
#ll libstdc++.so.6.0.17
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 991600 Apr 26 15:30 libstdc++.so.6.0.17
#ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.17 libstdc++.so.6
#strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
GLIBCXX_3.4.3
GLIBCXX_3.4.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.5
GLIBCXX_3.4.6
GLIBCXX_3.4.7
GLIBCXX_3.4.8
GLIBCXX_3.4.9
GLIBCXX_3.4.10
GLIBCXX_3.4.11
GLIBCXX_3.4.12
GLIBCXX_3.4.13
GLIBCXX_3.4.14
GLIBCXX_3.4.15
GLIBCXX_3.4.16
GLIBCXX_3.4.17
GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH
>>> import tensorflow as tf
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “<stdin>”, line 1, in <module>
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py”, line 23, in <module>
from tensorflow.python import *
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py”, line 45, in <module>
from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py”, line 28, in <module>
_pywrap_tensorflow = swig_import_helper()
File “/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py”, line 24, in swig_import_helper
_mod = imp.load_module(‘_pywrap_tensorflow’, fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.19′ not found (required by /usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tensorflow/python/_pywrap_tensorflow.so)
从网上下载libstdc++.so.6.0.20
http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gcc-4.8/
或者
http://download.csdn.net/detail/pomelover/7524227
放到/usr/lib64/下
#chmod +x libstdc++.so.6.0.20
#rm libstdc++.so.6
#ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.20 libstdc++.so.6
#strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX
[root@pachong1 lib64]# strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
GLIBCXX_3.4.3
GLIBCXX_3.4.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.5
GLIBCXX_3.4.6
GLIBCXX_3.4.7
GLIBCXX_3.4.8
GLIBCXX_3.4.9
GLIBCXX_3.4.10
GLIBCXX_3.4.11
GLIBCXX_3.4.12
GLIBCXX_3.4.13
GLIBCXX_3.4.14
GLIBCXX_3.4.15
GLIBCXX_3.4.16
GLIBCXX_3.4.17
GLIBCXX_3.4.18
GLIBCXX_3.4.19
GLIBCXX_3.4.20
GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW
GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH
终于成功了。
[root@pachong1 lib64]# python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 26 2016, 11:18:30)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-16)] on linux2
Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> matrix1 = tf.constant([[3., 3.]])
>>> matrix2 = tf.constant([[2.],[2.]])
>>> product = tf.matmul(matrix1, matrix2)
>>> print product
Tensor(“MatMul:0”, shape=(1, 1), dtype=float32)
>>> sess = tf.Session()
>>> result = sess.run(product)
>>> print result
[[ 12.]]
>>> sess.close()
>>> exit()
以上内容记录下，帮助需要的朋友。
参考：
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7446187/no-module-named-pkg-resources
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25691489-id-5577387.html
http://my.oschina.net/zhangxu0512/blog/262275
http://blog.csdn.net/bboxhe/article/details/46849167
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33655731/error-while-importing-tensorflow-in-python2-7-in-ubuntu-12-04-glibc-2-17-not-f
http://blog.csdn.net/officercat/article/details/39520227
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-354915-id-3568853.html
http://blog.csdn.net/lib0129/article/details/23345791
http://blog.csdn.net/testcs_dn/article/details/45456815
http://blog.csdn.net/abcd1f2/article/details/49777715