HDFS客户端操作
一.IDEA环境准备
1.修改$MAVEN_HOME/conf/settings.xml
<!--本地仓库所在位置-->
<localRepository>F:\m2\repository</localRepository>
<!--使用阿里云镜像去下载Jar包,速度更快-->
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>alimaven</id>
<name>aliyun maven</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
<!--本地配置JDK8版本-->
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.8</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
<jdk>1.8</jdk>
</activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
2.Maven准备,在在项目文件pom.xml文件中添加
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
<version>2.8.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-hdfs</artifactId>
<version>2.8.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
<version>2.8.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
二. 通过API操作HDFS
1.HDFS获取文件系统**
(1)详细代码:
/**
* 打印本地hadoop地址值
* IO的方式写代码
*/
@Test
public void intiHDFS() throws IOException {
//F2 可以快速的定位错误
// alt + enter自动找错误
//1.创建配信信息对象 ctrl + alt + v 后推前 ctrl + shitl + enter 补全
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.获取文件系统
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
//3.打印文件系统
System.out.println(fs.toString());
}
2.HDFS文件上传
(1)详细代码
/**
* 上传代码
* 注意:如果上传的内容大于128MB,则是2块
*/
@Test
public void putFileToHDFS() throws Exception {
//注:import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
//ctrl + alt + v 推动出对象
//1.创建配置信息对象
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.设置部分参数
conf.set("dfs.replication","2");
//3.找到HDFS的地址
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//4.上传本地Windows文件的路径
Path src = new Path("D:\\hadoop-2.7.2.rar");
//5.要上传到HDFS的路径
Path dst = new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/Andy");
//6.以拷贝的方式上传,从src -> dst
fs.copyFromLocalFile(src,dst);
//7.关闭
fs.close();
System.out.println("上传成功");
}
3.HDFS文件下载
(1)详细代码:
/**
* hadoop fs -get /HDFS文件系统
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void getFileFromHDFS() throws Exception {
//1.创建配置信息对象 Configuration:配置
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.找到文件系统
//final URI uri :HDFS地址
//final Configuration conf:配置信息
// String user :Linux用户名
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//3.下载文件
//boolean delSrc:是否将原文件删除
//Path src :要下载的路径
//Path dst :要下载到哪
//boolean useRawLocalFileSystem :是否校验文件
fs.copyToLocalFile(false,new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/README.txt"),
new Path("F:\\date\\README.txt"),true);
//4.关闭fs
//alt + enter 找错误
//ctrl + alt + o 可以快速的去除没有用的导包
fs.close();
System.out.println("下载成功");
}
4.HDFS目录创建
(1)详细代码
/**
* hadoop fs -mkdir /xinshou
*/
@Test
public void mkmdirHDFS() throws Exception {
//1.创新配置信息对象
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
//2.链接文件系统
//final URI uri 地址
//final Configuration conf 配置
//String user Linux用户
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), configuration, "root");
//3.创建目录
fs.mkdirs(new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/Good/Goog/Study"));
//4.关闭
fs.close();
System.out.println("创建文件夹成功");
}
5.HDFS文件夹删除
(1)详细代码
/**
* hadoop fs -rm -r /文件
*/
@Test
public void deleteHDFS() throws Exception {
//1.创建配置对象
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.链接文件系统
//final URI uri, final Configuration conf, String user
//final URI uri 地址
//final Configuration conf 配置
//String user Linux用户
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//3.删除文件
//Path var1 : HDFS地址
//boolean var2 : 是否递归删除
fs.delete(new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/a"),false);
//4.关闭
fs.close();
System.out.println("删除成功啦");
}
6.HDFS文件名更改**
(1)详细代码:
@Test
public void renameAtHDFS() throws Exception{
// 1 创建配置信息对象
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"),configuration, "itstar");
//2 重命名文件或文件夹
fs.rename(new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/user/itstar/hello.txt"), new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/user/itstar/hellonihao.txt"));
fs.close();
}
7.HDFS文件详情查看
查看文件名称、权限、长度、块信息
/**
* 查看【文件】名称、权限等
*/
@Test
public void readListFiles() throws Exception {
//1.创建配置对象
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.链接文件系统
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//3.迭代器
RemoteIterator<LocatedFileStatus> listFiles = fs.listFiles(new Path("/"), true);
//4.遍历迭代器
while (listFiles.hasNext()){
//一个一个出
LocatedFileStatus fileStatus = listFiles.next();
//名字
System.out.println("文件名:" + fileStatus.getPath().getName());
//块大小
System.out.println("大小:" + fileStatus.getBlockSize());
//权限
System.out.println("权限:" + fileStatus.getPermission());
System.out.println(fileStatus.getLen());
BlockLocation[] locations = fileStatus.getBlockLocations();
for (BlockLocation bl:locations){
System.out.println("block-offset:" + bl.getOffset());
String[] hosts = bl.getHosts();
for (String host:hosts){
System.out.println(host);
}
}
System.out.println("------------------华丽的分割线----------------");
}
8.HDFS文件和文件夹判断
/**
* 判断是否是个文件还是目录,然后打印
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void judge() throws Exception {
//1.创建配置文件信息
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.获取文件系统
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//3.遍历所有的文件
FileStatus[] liststatus = fs.listStatus(new Path("/Andy"));
for(FileStatus status :liststatus)
{
//判断是否是文件
if (status.isFile()){
//ctrl + d:复制一行
//ctrl + x 是剪切一行,可以用来当作是删除一行
System.out.println("文件:" + status.getPath().getName());
} else {
System.out.println("目录:" + status.getPath().getName());
}
}
}
三. 通过IO流操作HDFS
1.HDFS文件上传
/**
* IO流方式上传
*
* @throws URISyntaxException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
@Test
public void putFileToHDFSIO() throws URISyntaxException, IOException, InterruptedException {
//1.创建配置文件信息
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.获取文件系统
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//3.创建输入流
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\date\\Sogou.txt"));
//4.输出路径
//注意:不能/Andy 记得后边写个名 比如:/Andy/Sogou.txt
Path writePath = new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/Andy/Sogou.txt");
FSDataOutputStream fos = fs.create(writePath);
//5.流对接
//InputStream in 输入
//OutputStream out 输出
//int buffSize 缓冲区
//boolean close 是否关闭流
try {
IOUtils.copyBytes(fis,fos,4 * 1024,false);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
IOUtils.closeStream(fos);
IOUtils.closeStream(fis);
System.out.println("上传成功啦");
}
}
2.HDFS文件下载
/**
* IO读取HDFS到本地
*
* @throws URISyntaxException
* @throws IOException
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
@Test
public void getFileToHDFSIO() throws URISyntaxException, IOException, InterruptedException {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"),configuration,"root");
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("/Users/macbook/TestInfo/downloadFileFromHdfsIO.txt"));
Path readPath = new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/aa.txt");
FSDataInputStream fis = fileSystem.open(readPath);
try {
IOUtils.copyBytes(fis,fos,4*1024,false);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
IOUtils.closeStream(fis);
IOUtils.closeStream(fos);
System.out.println("下载成功!");
}
}
3.定位文件读取
(1)下载第一块
/**
* IO读取第一块的内容
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void readFlieSeek1() throws Exception {
//1.创建配置文件信息
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.获取文件系统
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//3.输入
Path path = new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/Andy/hadoop-2.7.2.rar");
FSDataInputStream fis = fs.open(path);
//4.输出
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("F:\\date\\readFileSeek\\A1");
//5.流对接
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
for (int i = 0; i < 128 * 1024; i++) {
fis.read(buf);
fos.write(buf);
}
//6.关闭流
IOUtils.closeStream(fos);
IOUtils.closeStream(fis);
}
(2)下载第二块
/**
* IO读取第二块的内容
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void readFlieSeek2() throws Exception {
//1.创建配置文件信息
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.获取文件系统
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://bigdata111:9000"), conf, "root");
//3.输入
Path path = new Path("hdfs://bigdata111:9000/Andy/hadoop-2.7.2.rar");
FSDataInputStream fis = fs.open(path);
//4.输出
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("F:\\date\\readFileSeek\\A2");
//5.定位偏移量/offset/游标/读取进度 (目的:找到第一块的尾巴,第二块的开头)
fis.seek(128 * 1024 * 1024);
//6.流对接
IOUtils.copyBytes(fis, fos, 1024);
//7.关闭流
IOUtils.closeStream(fos);
IOUtils.closeStream(fis);
}
(3)合并文件
在window命令窗口中执行
type A2 >> A1 然后更改后缀为rar即可
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