foreach的使用:
1.用法1
<?php
$arr=array(
“张三”
,
“李四”
,
“王五”
,
“马六”
);
foreach
($arr
as
$value)
echo $value.'<br/>’;
?>
<?php
$arr=array(1,2,3,4);
foreach
($arr
as
&$value)
$value*=2;
print_r($arr);//Array ( [0] => 2 [1] => 4 [2] => 6 [3] => 8 )
?>
<?php
$arr=array(1,2,3,4,5);
for
($i=0;$i<count($arr);$i++)
echo $arr[$i].'<br/>’;
?>
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
,
“李四”
,
“王五”
);
$bar = each($arr);
print_r($bar);//Array ( [1] => 张三 [value] => 张三 [0] => 0 [key] => 0 )
?>
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
,
“李四”
,
“王五”
);
list($a[0], $a[1], $a[2]) = $arr;
print_r($a);
//Array ( [2] => 王五 [1] => 李四 [0] => 张三 )
?>
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
=>20,
“李四”
=>29,
“王五”
=>23);
while
(list($key, $value) = each($arr))
echo
“$key=>$value”
.'<br/>’;
?>
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
,’b’=>
“李四”
,
“王五”
);
list($a[0], $a[1]) = $arr;
print_r($a);
//Array ( [1] => 王五 [0] => 张三 )
?>
<?php
$a = array();
$a[‘山东’][0] =
“济南”
;
$a[‘山东’][1] =
“威海”
;
$a[‘黑龙江’][0] =
“哈尔滨”
;
$a[‘黑龙江’][1] =
“齐齐哈尔”
;
foreach
($a
as
$key1=>$v1) {
echo
“<b>$key1</b>”
.'<br/>’;
foreach
($v1
as
$v2) {
echo
“$v2 \n”
;
}
echo ‘<br/>’;
}
?>
<?php
$arr = array(
‘张三’ => ‘济南’,
‘李四’ => ‘烟台’,
‘王五’ => ‘威海’,
‘赵六’ => ‘北京’,
);
while
($person = current($arr)) {
if
($person == ‘威海’) {
echo key($arr).'<br />’;
}
next($arr);
}
?>
<?php
$arr = array(
‘张三’ => ‘济南’,
‘李四’ => ‘烟台’,
‘王五’ => ‘威海’,
‘赵六’ => ‘北京’,
);
for
(reset($arr);$key=key($arr);next($arr))
echo $key.'<br/>’;
?>
1.用法1
<?php
$arr=array(
“张三”
,
“李四”
,
“王五”
,
“马六”
);
foreach
($arr
as
$value)
echo $value.'<br/>’;
?>
2.用法2
<?php
$arr=array(‘chinese’=>130,’math’=>140,’english’=>135,’computer’=>130);
foreach($arr as $key=>$value)
echo $key.’:’.$value.'<br/>’;
?>
$arr=array(‘chinese’=>130,’math’=>140,’english’=>135,’computer’=>130);
foreach($arr as $key=>$value)
echo $key.’:’.$value.'<br/>’;
?>
3.按拷贝还是引用
默认按拷贝,和函数很相似:
<?php
$arr=array(1,2,3,4);
foreach($arr as $value)
$value*=2;//其实改变的是副本对原数组没有影响
print_r($arr);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 )
?>
$arr=array(1,2,3,4);
foreach($arr as $value)
$value*=2;//其实改变的是副本对原数组没有影响
print_r($arr);//Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 )
?>
但是可以改成引用方式,通过&符号:
<?php
$arr=array(1,2,3,4);
foreach
($arr
as
&$value)
$value*=2;
print_r($arr);//Array ( [0] => 2 [1] => 4 [2] => 6 [3] => 8 )
?>
4.for循环
<?php
$arr=array(1,2,3,4,5);
for
($i=0;$i<count($arr);$i++)
echo $arr[$i].'<br/>’;
?>
5.each/list
each用法,每次取出个4元素数组,其中0,key对应键;1,value对应值:
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
,
“李四”
,
“王五”
);
$bar = each($arr);
print_r($bar);//Array ( [1] => 张三 [value] => 张三 [0] => 0 [key] => 0 )
?>
list的用法:
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
,
“李四”
,
“王五”
);
list($a[0], $a[1], $a[2]) = $arr;
print_r($a);
//Array ( [2] => 王五 [1] => 李四 [0] => 张三 )
?>
list结合each使用:
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
=>20,
“李四”
=>29,
“王五”
=>23);
while
(list($key, $value) = each($arr))
echo
“$key=>$value”
.'<br/>’;
?>
注意while
(list($key, $value) = each($arr))中each得到的4元素数组中有2个数字索引分别赋给list中2个变量。
所以
<?php
$arr = array(
“张三”
,’b’=>
“李四”
,
“王五”
);
list($a[0], $a[1]) = $arr;
print_r($a);
//Array ( [1] => 王五 [0] => 张三 )
?>
6.多维数组
<?php
$a = array();
$a[‘山东’][0] =
“济南”
;
$a[‘山东’][1] =
“威海”
;
$a[‘黑龙江’][0] =
“哈尔滨”
;
$a[‘黑龙江’][1] =
“齐齐哈尔”
;
foreach
($a
as
$key1=>$v1) {
echo
“<b>$key1</b>”
.'<br/>’;
foreach
($v1
as
$v2) {
echo
“$v2 \n”
;
}
echo ‘<br/>’;
}
?>
7.数组函数
key取键值
<?php
$arr = array(
‘张三’ => ‘济南’,
‘李四’ => ‘烟台’,
‘王五’ => ‘威海’,
‘赵六’ => ‘北京’,
);
while
($person = current($arr)) {
if
($person == ‘威海’) {
echo key($arr).'<br />’;
}
next($arr);
}
?>
上面会得到 ‘王五’,但是如果烟台为 “”空串,则程序执行到这里会跳出循环,空串转成false。
用for实现foreach效果:
<?php
$arr = array(
‘张三’ => ‘济南’,
‘李四’ => ‘烟台’,
‘王五’ => ‘威海’,
‘赵六’ => ‘北京’,
);
for
(reset($arr);$key=key($arr);next($arr))
echo $key.'<br/>’;
?>
这个问题同上,如果某个键值计算为false也会跳出循环。
最后出个小题目:
自己动手写个函数实现关联数组的键值互换,即键变成值,而值作为键?
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/xcf007/102334