C# Serialization（序列化）

什么是Serialization？

将Object存储为数据（类似于游戏存档）

逆过程即 De-serialization，将数据转化为 Object (类似于游戏读档)

为什么要序列化？

把之前杂乱的数据排列，成为一个有序的数据，方便保存

C# Serialization 运用

假设我们有一个Class叫做Game Data，记录了一些游戏数据

public clas GameData 
{
	public int health { get; set;} = 100; 
	public int attack { get; set;} = 5; 
	public int defense { get; set;] = 4;
}

之后我们创建了一个instance:

GameData data = new GameData(); 

C#提供了很多的序列化方法，这里以XML为例。

然后我们需要保存这个instance – Serialization:

XmlSerializer xmlserializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(GameData); 
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter("C:\GameData"); xmlserializer.Serialize(sw, data); 
sw.Close(); 

保存之后的文件

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8”?>
<GameData xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns.xsd="http:/www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
	<health>100</health> 
	<attack>5</attack>
	<defense>4</defense> 
</Game Data> 

• 与 binary format不同, XML 不指明data type(数据类型)

如果我们想要读取保存的文件→ De-Serialization:

XmlSerializer xmlserializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(GameData); 
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("C:\Game Data"); 
GameData data = (GameData) xmlserializer.Deserialize(sr); 
sr.Close();

[NonSerialized] / [Xmllgnore]

serializing 时，使我们的某个项目不被serialized

public class GameData 
{
	[Xmllgynore] public int health { get; set;} = 100;
	public int attackI get; set; = 5; 
	public int defense { get; set;} = 4; 
}

于是我们经过 serialization 后的文件变成了:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<GameDat xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <attack>5</lattack>
    <defense>4</defense> 
</GameData>

[XmlElement]

public class GameData 
{
	[XmlElement(ElementName = "HP", Order = 3)] public int health { get; set;} = 100; 
	[XmlElement(ElementName = "ATK", Order = 2)] public int attack { get; set;} = 5; 
	[XmIElement(ElementName = "DEF", Order = 1)] public int defense { get; set;} = 4; 
}

	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <GameData xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> 				<DEF>4</DEF>
    <ATK>5</ATK>
    <HP>100</HP>
</GameData>