狄利克雷卷积

  • Post author:
  • Post category:其他



【狄利克雷卷积】

  • 定义








    f




    ,


    g













    两个函数的狄利克雷卷积








    (





    )











    运算为:








    (


    f







    g




    )


    (


    n


    )


    =














    d






    |




    n









    f




    (


    d




    )


    g




    (





    n






    d















    )









  • 狄利克雷卷积的性质:

    • 交换律:








      f







      g




      =


      g







      f












    • 结合律:








      (


      f







      g




      )





      h


      =


      f







      (


      g







      h


      )










    • 分配率:








      f







      (


      g




      +


      h


      )


      =


      f







      g




      +


      f







      h










    • 单位元:








      f







      e


      =


      e





      f





















    • f




      ,


      g













      均为积性函数,则








      f







      g













      也为积性函数。
  • 常见的狄利克雷卷积:








    • d




      (


      n


      )


      =














      d






      |




      n









      1











      d




      =


      1





      1
















    • σ




      (


      n


      )


      =














      d






      |




      n









      d













      σ




      =


      d







      1


















    • φ




      (


      n


      )


      =














      d






      |




      n









      μ


      (


      d




      )





      n






      d


























      φ




      =


      μ





      I




      d











    证明:


























    I




    d




    (


    n


    )


    =














    i


    =


    1








    n



















    j


    =


    1








    n







    [


    g




    c


    d




    (


    i


    ,


    n


    )


    =

    =



    j


    ]

























    I




    d




    (


    n


    )


    =














    j




    |




    n





















    i


    =


    1
















    n






    j























    [


    g




    c


    d




    (


    i


    ,





    n






    j













    )


    =

    =



    1


    ]


































    I




    d




    (


    n


    )


    =














    j




    |




    n











    φ




    (





    n






    j













    )











    I




    d




    =


    1







    φ










































































    φ




    =


    μ





    I




    d


















    • ϵ


      (


      n


      )


      =














      d






      |




      n









      μ


      (


      d




      )











      ϵ


      =


      μ





      1









    证明:

















    k




















    n

















































































































    d






    |




    n









    μ


    (


    d




    )


    =














    i


    =


    0








    k







    (





    1





    )






    i











    (






    k






    i








    )





































































































    (


    x


    +


    y







    )






    k







    =














    i


    =


    0








    k










    x






    i










    y










    k





    i













    (






    k






    i








    )





























    x


    =


    1


    ,


    y




    =





    1


















































    i


    =


    0








    k







    (





    1





    )






    i











    (






    k






    i








    )






    =


    (


    1





    1





    )






    k







    =





    0






    k


































































    k


    =


    0


    (











    n


    =


    1


    )
































    d






    |




    n









    μ


    (


    d




    )


    =


    1









































    d






    |




    n









    μ


    (


    d




    )


    =


    0


































    ϵ


    (


    n


    )


    =














    d






    |




    n









    μ


    (


    d




    )











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