实现注册时邮箱验证的方法有很多…

如果项目使用了 laravel 内置的 Auth 相关的控制器登录和注册，官方文档有更简单的方法…

本文手动实现发送邮件以及验证的功能…

前期准备

安装需要的组件

// 新建一个 Larave 项目
composer create-project laravel/laravel ./email_test
// 安装 Laravel ui 和 vue
composer require laravel/ui
php artisan ui vue --auth
// 安装相关依赖，编译 vue
npm install && npm run dev
// 数据库迁移
php artisan migrate

配置数据库

配置邮箱

方法一：使用 MailTrap

MailTrap 官网

方法二：使用谷歌邮箱


.env

文件中修改相关信息

MAIL_MAILER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=smtp.gmail.com 	// 如果用 gmail 就改为 smtp.gmail.com
MAIL_PORT=465		// 下面的 ENCRYPTION 如果是 ssl，则为 465
MAIL_USERNAME=your-email@gmail.com	// 修改为自己的邮箱地址
MAIL_PASSWOR=******		// 填写邮箱的授权码 
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl	// 加密类型，可为不填或 ssl 或 tls，如果上面的 MAILER 选择 smtp，ENCRYPTION 填 ssl
MAIL_FROM_ADDRESS=your-email@gmail.com	// 修改为自己的邮箱地址
MAIL_FROM_NAME=test		// 发送邮件时显示的名字

谷歌邮箱授权码获取方式见

Gmail 官网文档

1. 数据库迁移文件添加字段


databse/migrations/2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table

中添加

$table->string('verification_code')->nullable();
$table->integer('is_verified')->default(0);

添加后如下

    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('name');
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->timestamp('email_verified_at')->nullable();
            $table->string('password');
            $table->string('verification_code')->nullable();
            $table->integer('is_verified')->default(0);
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

重新迁移

php artisan migrate:refresh

此时数据库的

users

表中多了两个字段

2. 发送邮件到用户邮箱

(1) 添加视图页面 send-email.blade.php


resources/view/emails/send-email.blade.php


Hello {{$email_data['name']}}}
<br><br><br>

Please click the below link to verify your email and activate your account!
<br><br>
<a href="http://localhost:8000/verify?code={{$email_data['verification_code']}}">Click Here!</a>

<br><br>
Thank you!
<br>

(2) 新建 SignupMail, 返回 view 中的 send-email.blade.php

php artisan make:mail SignupMail


app/Mail/SignupEmail.php

如下

<?php

namespace App\Mail;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Mail\Mailable;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;

class SignupMail extends Mailable
{
    use Queueable, SerializesModels;

    public function __construct($data)
    {
        $this -> email_data = $data;
    }

    public function build()
    {
        return $this
            -> subject('Test Email Verification')
            -> view('emails.send-email', ['email_data'=>$this->email_data]);
    }
}

(3) RegisterController 中添加 register() 方法，使用 SignupMail


app/Http/Controllers/Auth/RegisterController.php


<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Auth;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Mail\SignupMail;
use App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\RegistersUsers;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
use App\Http\Controllers\MailController;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class RegisterController extends Controller
{
    use RegistersUsers;
    
    protected $redirectTo = RouteServiceProvider::HOME;
    
    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->middleware('guest');
    }
    
    protected function validator(array $data)
    {
        return Validator::make($data, [
            'name' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
            'email' => ['required', 'string', 'email', 'max:255', 'unique:users'],
            'password' => ['required', 'string', 'min:8', 'confirmed'],
        ]);
    }

    public function register(Request $request)
    {
        $user = new User();
        $user->name = $request->name;
        $user->email = $request->email;
        $user->password = Hash::make($request->password);
        $user->verification_code = sha1(time());
        $user->save();
        if ($user != null)
        {
            $data = [
                'name' => $user->name,
                'verification_code' => $user->verification_code
            ];
            Mail::to($user->email)->send(new SignupMail($data));
            return redirect()->back();
        }

        // show error message
        return redirect()->back();
    }

3. 点击邮箱中的链接进行验证

(1) 新建路由

routes/web.php

Route::get('/verify', [App\Http\Controllers\Auth\RegisterController::class, 'verifyUser'])->name('verify.user');

(2) RegisterController.php 中添加 verifyUser() 方法


app/Http/Controllers/Auth/RegisterController.php

中

verifyUser()

如下

    public function verifyUser(Request $request)
    {
        $verification_code = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Request::get('code');
        $user = User::where(['verification_code' => $verification_code])->first();
        if ($user != null)
        {
            $user -> is_verified = 1;
            $user -> save();
            return view('emails.success');
        }
        return 'User not exist!';
    }

(3) 新建视图 success.blade.php


recources/view/mails

中新建

success.blade.php


verification success

4. 只允许验证过的用户登录


app/controller/Auth/LoginController.php

中添加

credentials()

方法

    public function credentials(Request $request)
    {
        return array_merge($request->only($this->username(), 'password'),['is_verified' => 1]);
    }