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散点图绘制

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from pylab import mpl
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']

y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,22,23]
y_10 = [26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19,18,20,20,19,22,23,17,20,21,20,22,15,11,15,5,13,17,10,11,13,12,13,6]
#设置图形的大小
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
x_3=range(1,32)
x_10=range(51,82)


#使用scatter绘制散点图
plt.scatter(x_3,y_3,label='三月份')
plt.scatter(x_10,y_3,label='十月份')


#调整x轴的刻度
_x=list(x_3)+list(x_10)
_xticks=['3月{}日'.format(i) for i in x_3]
_xticks+=['10月{}日'.format(i-50) for i in x_10]


plt.xticks(_x[::3],_xticks[::3],rotation=30)
#添加描述信息
plt.xlabel('时间')
plt.ylabel('温度')
plt.title('标题')

plt.show()
plt.legend(loc=0)

条形图绘制

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from pylab import mpl
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']

#条形图展示的数据是没什么关系的

a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5\n：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5\n：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工\n：终极回归","生化危机6\n：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3\n：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠\n：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23] 

fig=plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=80)
#绘制条形图
plt.bar(range(len(a)),b,width=0.3)
#通过xticks将中文映射到数字上去
plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,rotation=90)

plt.show()

折线图绘制

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import random
#时间刻度的改变
#显示中文
from pylab import mpl
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']

y_1=[1,0,1,1,2,4,3,2,3,4,4,5,6,5,4,3,3,1,1,1]
y_2=[1,0,3,1,2,2,3,3,2,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]

x=range(11,31)


fig=plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)

_xticks=['{}岁'.format (i) for i in x]

plt.xticks(x,_xticks)
#plt.yticks(range(0,9))

plt.grid(alpha=0.4,linestyle=':')

plt.plot(x,y_1,label='自己',color='orange',linestyle=':',linewidth=5)
plt.plot(x,y_2,label='同桌',color='cyan',linestyle='-.')

#添加图例 0=best
plt.legend(loc='best')

plt.show()

直方图绘制

    from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from pylab import mpl
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']
#没有统计过的数据才能绘制直方图

a=[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=80)
#计算组数
d=3 #组距
num_bins=((max(a)-min(a))//d)




plt.hist(a,num_bins,density=1)#各目标所占比率   
plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d,d))
plt.grid(alpha=0.4)
plt.show()