SpringCloud Rest微服务案例

业务界定：以生产者消费者为例，服务端生产者，客户端消费者，对外提供的服务

本章以maven聚合工程为例

步骤一：创建parent工程名为springCloud 依赖注意是pom类型

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.gcxzflgl.spring</groupId>
  <artifactId>springCloud</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  
  <properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>mysql</groupId>
				<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
				<version>5.0.4</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
				<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
				<version>1.0.31</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
				<version>1.3.0</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
				<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
				<version>1.2.3</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>junit</groupId>
				<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
				<version>${junit.version}</version>
				<scope>test</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>log4j</groupId>
				<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
				<version>${log4j.version}</version>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	
	<modules>
		<module>springCloud-api</module>
		<module>springCloud-provider-dept</module>
		<module>springCloud-cousumer-dept</module>
	</modules>
</project>

步骤二：创建公共模块，我们把多次调用的类或者模块抽象出单独的模块供其他模块引用，名为springCloud-api，要引入父工程

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.gcxzflgl.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>springCloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>springCloud-api</artifactId>
  
  <dependencies><!-- 当前Module需要用到的jar包，按自己需求添加，如果父类已经包含了，可以不用写版本号 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

并且创建公共类实体Dept,也可以再这个公共类中引入lombok插件依赖，就不用在麻烦生成对应set/get代码，编写好后mvn打包到本地供其他模块引用，工程->run as->mvn install

步骤三：创建数据库脚本

DROP DATABASE IF EXITS db_springcloud;
create database db_springcloud CHARACTER set UTF8;
use db_springcloud;
create table dept(
	deptno BIGINT not null PRIMARY key auto_increment,
	dname varchar(60),
	db_source varchar(60)
);

insert into dept(dname,db_source) values('开发部',DATABASE());
insert into dept(dname,db_source) values('人事部',DATABASE());
insert into dept(dname,db_source) values('财务部',DATABASE());
insert into dept(dname,db_source) values('市场部',DATABASE());
insert into dept(dname,db_source) values('运维部',DATABASE());

步骤四：构建生产者对外提供服务，访问端口用8001

按照开发流程，约定>配置>编码

创建工程springCloud-provide-dept，依赖于springCloud-api

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.gcxzflgl.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>springCloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>springCloud-provider-dept</artifactId>
  
  
	<dependencies>
		<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.gcxzflgl.spring</groupId>
			<artifactId>springCloud-api</artifactId>
			<version>${project.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 修改后立即生效，热部署 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

在resources下添加mysql驱动配置文件application.yml 访问端口8001

server:
  port: 8001
  
mybatis:
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml        # mybatis配置文件所在路径
  type-aliases-package: com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.entity    # 所有Entity别名类所在包
  mapper-locations:
  - classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml                       # mapper映射文件
    
spring:
   application:
    name: microservicecloud-dept 
   datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource            # 当前数据源操作类型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver              # mysql驱动包
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_springCloud              # 数据库名称
    username: root
    password: 123456
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5                                           # 数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
      initial-size: 5                                       # 初始化连接数
      max-total: 5                                          # 最大连接数
      max-wait-millis: 200                                  # 等待连接获取的最大超时时间

并且在resources下创建mybatis文件夹，用于存放mybatis.cfg.xml，mybatis文件夹下创建mapper用于存放映射关系

首先配置mybatis.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

	<settings>
		<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true" /><!-- 二级缓存开启 -->
	</settings>

</configuration>

其次是我们很熟悉很传统的 dao,Service,controller

Dao层接口，注意@Mapper注解别丢掉

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.entity.Dept;

@Mapper
public interface DeptDao {

	public boolean addDept(Dept dept);

	public Dept findById(Long id);

	public List<Dept> findAll();
}

映射文件xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.dao.DeptDao">

	<select id="findById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
		select deptno,dname,db_source from dept where deptno=#{deptno};
	</select>
	<select id="findAll" resultType="Dept">
		select deptno,dname,db_source from dept;
	</select>
	<insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
		INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES(#{dname},DATABASE());
	</insert>

</mapper>

Service层

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.entity.Dept;

public interface DeptService{
	
	public boolean add(Dept dept);

	public Dept get(Long id);

	public List<Dept> list();
}

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.dao.DeptDao;
import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.entity.Dept;
import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.service.DeptService;

@Service
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService{
	@Autowired
	private DeptDao dao;
	
	@Override
	public boolean add(Dept dept)
	{
		return dao.addDept(dept);
	}

	@Override
	public Dept get(Long id)
	{
		return dao.findById(id);
	}

	@Override
	public List<Dept> list()
	{
		return dao.findAll();
	}

}

Controller层，采用Rest方式对外提供服务

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.entity.Dept;
import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.service.DeptService;

@RestController
public class DeptController{
	
	@Autowired
	private DeptService service;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept){
		return service.add(dept);
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/get/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
		return service.get(id);
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/list", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public List<Dept> list(){
		return service.list();
	}

}

编写主类运行测试：

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptProvider8001_App{
	
	public static void main(String[] args){
		SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_App.class, args);
	}
}

出现以上结果代表提供者服务正常

步骤五：编写消费者名称 springCloud-consumer-dept

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.gcxzflgl.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>springCloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>springCloud-cousumer-dept</artifactId>
  
  <dependencies>
		<dependency><!-- 自己定义的api -->
			<groupId>com.gcxzflgl.spring</groupId>
			<artifactId>springCloud-api</artifactId>
			<version>${project.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 修改后立即生效，热部署 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

在resources下添加application.yml配置文件

server:
  port: 80

Springcloud中的服务消费,就需要我们服务之前相互发请求了。之前我们都是想着用http请求相关的交互，用的比较多的是 apache httpcomponents ,现在springboot提供了RestTemplate更高级别的方法来满足我们的功能.

创建一个配置类

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.confBean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


@Configuration
public class ConfigBean { 
	@Bean
	public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
		return new RestTemplate();
	}
}

编写Controller层，直接用restTemplate进行交互

RestTemplate官网地址：

RestTemplate官网地址

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.gcxzflgl.springCloud.entity.Dept;

@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer
{

	private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";
	
	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate restTemplate;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/add")
	public boolean add(Dept dept){
		return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
	{
		return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/get/" + id, Dept.class);
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/list")
	public List<Dept> list()
	{
		return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/list", List.class);
	}


}

编写主类测试最终结果：

package com.gcxzflgl.springCloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer80_App
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class, args);
	}
}

我们看到最终结果，消费者进行消费，暴露给消费者的80,实际起作用的8001，从而达到对外提供服务，微服务代表服务大小，只提供对应的功能，一个服务是一个线程。我们看到有两个线程在运行中

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gcxzflgl/article/details/82820142

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