服务端
先来看一个简单的web服务器的实现:
const http = require('http')
const port = 3000
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
res.statusCode = 200
res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain')
res.end('你好世界\n')
})
server.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`服务器运行在 http://localhost:${port}/`)
})
首先我们引入http模块,然后调用http的createServer方法,创建http服务,这个方法的参数是一个回调,回调函数有两个参数,第一个是请求,第二个是响应。我们可以通过请求参数req获取客户端的请求数据,然后通过赋值响应参数res,来返回我们的响应数据。
我们可以对上边的httpServer修改一下,用到request请求回调将请求数据处理之后并返回。
const httpServer = http.createServer((request, response) => {
let data = "";
request.on("data", (chunck) => {
data += chunck;
console.log("request data: " + data);
console.log("response: " + data);
response.statusCode = 200;
response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain");
response.write(
JSON.stringify({
name: "test",
content: data,
})
);
response.end();
});
request.on("end", () => {
console.log("request end: " + data);
});
});
上边的代码,我们绑定了request的data事件,用来做数据处理并返回,还绑定了end事件,做请求结束前的数据处理。运行控制台图:
我们可以将上边的代码稍作封装,来实现
路由的分发
。
const http = require("http");
const url = require("url");
let thisRequest;
class Person {
getJames() {
// 获取请求正文
console.log(thisRequest.method); // POST
let bodyRaw = "";
thisRequest.on("data", (chunk) => {
bodyRaw += chunk;
return JSON.stringify({
name: "james",
content: bodyRaw,
});
});
thisRequest.on("end", () => {
// do something....
// console.log(bodyRaw);
});
}
}
class Animals {
getDog() {
return "dog";
}
}
let routeTree = {
"Person/getJames": new Person().getJames,
"Animals/getDog": new Animals().getDog,
};
// 中划线转驼峰
function toHump(words) {
return words.replace(/\-(\w)/g, function (all, letter) {
return letter.toUpperCase();
});
}
// 首字母大写
function UCWords(words) {
return words.slice(0, 1).toUpperCase() + words.slice(1).toLowerCase();
}
class httpServerObj {
createServerAndListen() {
let httpServer = http.createServer((req, res) => {
thisRequest = req;
let content = "";
// let requestUrl = "http://localhost:3000/person/get-james";
let requestUrl = req.url;
if (requestUrl === "/favicon.ico") {
return;
}
let pathname = url.parse(requestUrl).pathname.slice(1);
if (pathname) {
let pathnameSlices = pathname.split("/");
let className = UCWords(pathnameSlices[0]);
let actionName = "";
if (pathnameSlices[1]) {
actionName = toHump(pathnameSlices[1]);
}
let routeKey = className + "/" + actionName;
if (routeTree.hasOwnProperty(routeKey)) {
content = routeTree[routeKey]();
} else {
content = "404";
}
} else {
content = "hello word";
}
res.statusCode = 200;
res.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain");
res.write(content);
res.end();
});
httpServer.listen(3000, () => {
console.log("running in port: 3000");
});
}
}
obj = new httpServerObj().createServerAndListen();
每次请求会附带网站ico图标的请求,这段代码是为了屏蔽node发起网站ico图标的请求。
if (requestUrl === “/favicon.ico”) {
return;
}
当然,上边所有的功能实现在同一个文件,实际情况。业务类是单独分离出来的。
客户端
发起http请求,我们可以用axios包来实现,这里不做多余赘述。除此之外,我们可以用http包来发起http请求:
简单示例:
const http = require("http");
const options = {
hostname: "127.0.0.1",
port: 3000,
path: "/work",
method: "GET",
};
const req = http.request(options, (res) => {
console.log(res.statusCode);
res.on("data", (d) => {
process.stdout.write(d);
// console.log(data);
});
});
req.on("error", (err) => {
console.log(err);
});
req.end();
首先我们根据需要选择包,如果https请求就选https包。
然后调用request方法,第一个参数是请求方法、请求地址、请求端口等请求数据。第二个参数是返回数据的回调。
最后调用end方法结束请求。
稍作封装:
const http = require("http");
class httpPackageClientObj {
byPost() {
let postData = JSON.stringify({
content: "白日依山尽,黄河入海流",
});
let options = {
hostname: "localhost",
port: 3000,
path: "/person/get-james",
agent: false,
method: "POST",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"Content-Length": Buffer.byteLength(postData),
},
};
let req = http.request(options, (res) => {
console.log(res.statusCode);
res.on("data", (buf) => {
process.stdout.write(buf);
});
});
req.on("error", (err) => {
console.error(err);
});
req.write(postData);
req.end();
}
byGet() {
let options = {
hostname: "localhost",
port: 3000,
path: "/person/get-james",
agent: false,
};
let req = http.request(options, (res) => {
console.log(res.statusCode);
res.on("data", (chunk) => {
if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
console.log(chunk.toString());
} else {
console.log(chunk);
}
});
});
req.on("error", (err) => {
console.error(err);
});
req.end();
}
}
let httpClient = new httpPackageClientObj();
httpClient.byGet();
httpClient.byPost();
我们可以看到post请求,通过调用write方法进行数据传输。