一、引言
本文主要介绍如何使用Nacos作为服务注册中心,并采用Http2来调用服务。
主要技术:
-
SpringCloud、SpringBoot
-
Nacos
-
httpclient
-
undertow Web服务器
-
openfeign
-
okhttp
主要通过两个项目来完成演示: -
provide :服务端
-
consumer:客户端
-
将provide和consumer注册到Nacos-server,
-
服务消费者consumer通过主动轮询获取他所订阅消费的服务信息列表
-
consumer根据获取到的服务信息列表,进行服务调用。
二、Nacos
1. Nacos简介:
官网
2. Nacos环境搭建
三、引入依赖
3.1 整体项目的依赖
...
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
<version>0.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
<artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
<artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
<version>1.1.0</version>
</dependency>
...
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.11.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR4</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
3.2 服务端
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
3.3 客户端
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
<artifactId>feign-okhttp</artifactId>
<version>10.5.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
<artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
<version>3.14.4</version>
</dependency>
四、编码
4.1 服务端
- 启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
-
通过 Spring Cloud 原生注解
@EnableDiscoveryClient
开启服务注册发现功能。
- 配置application.properties
server.port=8070
# 服务吗名
spring.application.name=provider
# Nacos服务器地址
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
# 启用Http2支持
server.http2.enabled=true
-
光设置
server.http2.enabled=true
不起作用,还需要以下配置
@Configuration
public class WebConfig {
@Bean
public UndertowServletWebServerFactory embeddedServletContainerFactory() {
UndertowServletWebServerFactory factory = new UndertowServletWebServerFactory();
factory.addBuilderCustomizers(builder -> builder.setServerOption(UndertowOptions.ENABLE_HTTP2, true));
return factory;
}
}
- 需要调用的服务
@RestController
public class ProviderController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String index(@RequestParam String name) {
return "hello " + name + ",this is first messge";
}
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String add(@RequestParam(value = "a") Integer a,@RequestParam(value = "b") Integer b) {
return "the sum of a、b is "+String.valueOf(a+b);
}
}
4.2客户端
- 启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class NacosConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
- @EnableDiscoveryClient:启用服务注册发现功能。
- @EnableFeignClients:启用feign进行远程调用
- 配置application.properties
server.port=8071
# 服务名
spring.application.name=consumer
# Nacos服务器地址
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
# 启用okhttp
feign.okhttp.enabled=true
- feign接口定义
@FeignClient(value= "provider")
@Component
public interface ServiceTransferApi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
String hello(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
@RequestMapping(value = "/add")
String add1(@RequestParam(value = "a") Integer a,@RequestParam(value = "b") Integer b);
}
- @FeignClient调用远程服务,value和name功能都一样都为服务名。
-
我们这里使用OpenFeign组件(Feign的升级版),它对
RestTemplate
做了封装,所以我们不需要再手动配置
RestTemplate
来实现负载均衡。
- 为了使用明文http2,需要手动指定其协议,配置如下
@Configuration
public class HttpClientConfiguration {
@Bean
public OkHttpClient okHttpClient() {
List<Protocol> protocols = new ArrayList<>();
protocols.add(Protocol.H2_PRIOR_KNOWLEDGE);
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.readTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.connectTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(120, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.connectionPool(new ConnectionPool());
// 添加拦截器用于打印响应时所使用的协议
builder.addInterceptor(new ResponseInterceptor());
builder.protocols(protocols);
return builder.build();
}
}
- 为了能方便看出用的是什么协议,设置了拦截器
@Slf4j
public class ResponseInterceptor implements Interceptor {
@Override
public Response intercept(@NotNull Chain chain) throws IOException {
Request request = chain.request();
try {
Response response = chain.proceed(request);
log.info("请求协议:{}",response.protocol());
return response;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
- 调用接口
@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
@Autowired
private ServiceTransferApi serviceTransferApi;
@RequestMapping("/hello/{name}")
public String index(@PathVariable("name") String name) {
return serviceTransferApi.hello(name);
}
@RequestMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String add(@PathVariable("a") Integer a,@PathVariable("b") Integer b) {
return serviceTransferApi.add1(a,b);
}
}
7.测试
启动服务
进入Nacos管理端查看服务是否已经注册:
在浏览器输入:
http://localhost:8071/hello/world
返回:hello world,this is first messge 表示服务调用成功
日志打印出:
请求协议:h2_prior_knowledge
表示Http2协议已经手动指定成功。
感谢参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/wangchengming1/article/details/93074755
https://www.jianshu.com/p/9530d58250c7
https://www.larscheng.com/namingservice/