博客

1、 环境信息

系统版本：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.8 (Santiago)

Oracle版本：Release 11.2.0.3.0

VMware Workstation 15 Pro

2、安装准备

2.1、系统安装

网上教程一大堆，请自行百度。

省略。。。

安装是请选择

Desktop

，后期自己安装的时候，容易出错。

2.2、系统配置

2.2.1、关闭防火墙

[root@node ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@node ~]# chkconfig ip6tables off
[root@node ~]# chkconfig --list | grep ip
ip6tables       0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
iptables        0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
[root@node ~]# 

2.2.2、关闭selinux

SELinux入门

SELinux深入理解

[root@node ~]# getenforce
enforcing
[root@node ~]#
[root@node ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

[root@node ~]# getenforce
Disabled
[root@node ~]# sestatus
SELinux status:                 disabled

2.2.3、网络配置

我习惯配置两张网卡。

• 连接互联网，使用外网yum，下载安装包等作用

• 配置回环网卡，上传安装包，ssh，telnet等。

2.2.4、 /etc/hosts

将

IP

，

主机名

映射关系写入到文件。

[root@node ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.200.201 node
[root@node ~]# 
[root@node ~]# ping node
PING node (192.168.200.201) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from node (192.168.200.201): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.533 ms
^C
--- node ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 676ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.533/0.533/0.533/0.000 ms
[root@node ~]#

2.3、Oracle安装

2.3.1、依赖包安装

我在这一步卡了很久，幸好我给虚拟机打了快照，要不然就重新安装系统不知道多少次。心情极其不美丽。。。。。。

安装后检查，没有安装的再次安装。

[root@node ~]# yum install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel compat-db cpp glibc-headers libstdc++ elfutils-libelf   unixODBC unixODBC-devel bison xclock glibc.i686 libXext.i686 flex glibc-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.i686 libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686
[root@node ~]#
[root@node ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel compat-db cpp glibc-headers libstdc++ elfutils-libelf   unixODBC unixODBC-devel bison xclock glibc.i686 libXext.i686 flex glibc-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.i686 libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686 | grep "not installed"
package compat-libstdc++ is not installed
package xclock is not installed
[root@node ~]#

2.3.2、上传软件包

将准备好的软件包上传到系统中。

这里就不赘述了。

2.3.3、 创建用户、组

[root@node ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@node ~]# groupadd dba
[root@node ~]# groupadd oper
[root@node ~]# 
[root@node ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@node ~]# echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@node ~]# 
[root@node ~]# 
[root@node ~]# mkdir -pv /u01/app/oracle
mkdir: created directory `/u01'
mkdir: created directory `/u01/app'
mkdir: created directory `/u01/app/oracle'
[root@node ~]# chown oracle:oinstall -R /u01
[root@node ~]# 
[root@node ~]#

2.4、配置变量

2.4.1、用户Oracle变量

[root@node ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@node ~]$ 
[oracle@node ~]$ cat .bash_profile 
... ...
... ...
... ...
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_BASE}/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=PROD
export PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:${PATH}
[oracle@node ~]$

2.4.2、/etc/sysctl.conf

[oracle@node ~]$ cat /etc/sysctl.conf  | grep -v ^# | sed  '/^$/d'
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 1073741823
kernel.shmall = 2097152
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
fs.file-max=6815744
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
[root@node u01]#
[root@node u01]# sysctl -p  # 使配置生效
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 1073741823
kernel.shmall = 2097152
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
[root@node u01]#

2.4.3、/etc/security/limits.conf

[root@node u01]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf
... ...
... ...
... ...
oracle           soft    nproc   2047
oracle           hard    nproc   16384
oracle           soft    nofile  1024
oracle           hard    nofile  65536
oracle           soft    stack   10240

2.4.4、/etc/pam.d/login

[root@node ~]# cat /etc/pam.d/login
... ...
... ...
... ...

session    required     pam_limits.so
[root@node ~]#

2.5、压缩包解压

[root@node u01]# unzip p10404530_112030_LINUX_1of7.zip 
Archive:  p10404530_112030_LINUX_1of7.zip
   creating: database/
  inflating: database/welcome.html   
... ...
[root@node u01]# unzip p10404530_112030_LINUX_2of7.zip 
... ...
[root@node u01]# chown oracle:oinstall database/ -R
[root@node u01]#

3、Oracle安装

使用新创建的用户：

oracle

，登陆系统。

[root@node database]# pwd
/u01/database
[root@node database]# ./runInstaller

执行完后，点击 close，此时 oracle 软件已经安装好了

4、建库、监听

[oracle@node ~]$ netca

一路点击下一步，咔咔咔，完事。

[oracle@node ~]$ dbca

SID与Oracle变量文件中写的保持一致。



可以一路下一步，也可以做相应的设置

5、 验证

[oracle@node ~]$ sqlplus  / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 15 21:55:03 2021

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

SQL>

YUM安装历史

[root@node ~]# yum history
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, search-disabled-repos, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
ID     | Login user               | Date and time    | Action(s)      | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     8 | root <root>              | 2021-04-15 02:08 | Install        |    2
     7 | root <root>              | 2021-04-15 01:28 | Install        |    3
     6 | root <root>              | 2021-04-15 01:27 | Install        |    1
     5 | root <root>              | 2021-04-15 01:13 | Install        |   11
     4 | root <root>              | 2021-04-15 00:42 | Install        |   16
     3 | root <root>              | 2021-04-15 00:42 | Install        |    6
     2 | root <root>              | 2021-04-15 00:40 | Install        |   11
     1 | System <unset>           | 2021-04-14 23:51 | Install        | 1160
history list
[root@node ~]#
[root@node ~]# yum history info 2
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, search-disabled-repos, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Transaction ID : 2
Begin time     : Thu Apr 15 00:40:28 2021
Begin rpmdb    : 1160:894b2751dfdfcae866a83523ea61f9f957809032
End time       :            00:40:33 2021 (5 seconds)
End rpmdb      : 1171:22ec6eaa90592749e43053e629b3d75309ca0cfc
User           : root <root>
Return-Code    : Success
Command Line   : install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel
Transaction performed with:
    Installed     rpm-4.8.0-55.el6.x86_64                  @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201604140956.x86_64/6.8
    Installed     subscription-manager-1.16.8-8.el6.x86_64 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201604140956.x86_64/6.8
    Installed     yum-3.2.29-73.el6.noarch                 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201604140956.x86_64/6.8
Packages Altered:
    Dep-Install cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64          @system
    Install     compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64             @system
    Dep-Install cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64                  @system
    Install     elfutils-libelf-devel-0.164-2.el6.x86_64 @system
    Install     gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64                  @system
    Install     gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64              @system
    Install     ksh-20120801-33.el6.x86_64               @system
    Install     libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64       @system
    Install     libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64      @system
    Dep-Install mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64                  @system
    Dep-Install ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64                 @system
history info
[root@node ~]#