Spring Boot (二) – 小飞侠

通过Spring Boot的自动装配和起步依赖可以快速开始一个项目。

下面的示例是一个阅读列表应用程序：

1.参考

Spring Boot (一)

，在Spring Tool Suite 中创建一个新项目， New->Spring Starter Project; 选择依赖Web, JPA, MySQL, Thymeleaf.。

2.创建一个Spring Boot的Spring WebApplicationInitializer实现类。

public class DemoServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {
        return builder.sources(DemoApplication.class);

    }
}

3.定义领域模型Book类

@Entity
public class Book {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String reader;
    private String isbn;
    private String title;
    private String author;
    private String description;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getReader() {
        return reader;
    }
    public void setReader(String reader) {
        this.reader = reader;
    }
    public String getIsbn() {
        return isbn;
    }
    public void setIsbn(String isbn) {
        this.isbn = isbn;
    }
    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }
    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }
}

4.定义仓库接口，把Book对象持久化到数据库的仓库了。①因为用了Spring Data JPA，

所以我们要做的就是简单地定义一个接口，扩展一下Spring Data JPA的JpaRepository接口

package readinglist;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface ReadingListRepository extends JpaRepository<Book, Long> {
List<Book> findByReader(String reader);
}

5.创建Web界面，作为阅读列表应用程序前端的Spring MVC控制器。

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class ReadingListController {

    private ReadingListRepository readingListRepository;

    @Autowired
    public ReadingListController(ReadingListRepository readingListRepository) {
        this.readingListRepository = readingListRepository;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{reader}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String readersBooks(@PathVariable("reader") String reader, Model model) {
        List<Book> readingList = readingListRepository.findByReader(reader);
        if (readingList != null) {
            model.addAttribute("books", readingList);
        }
        return "demo";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{reader}", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addToReadingList(@PathVariable("reader") String reader, Book book) {
        book.setReader(reader);
        readingListRepository.save(book);
        return "redirect:/{reader}";
    }

}

阅读视图，阅读列表的Thymeleaf模板

src/main/resources/templates里创建一个名为demo.html的文件，

<html>
<head>
<title>Reading List</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/style.css}"></link>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>Your Reading List</h2>
    <div th:unless="${#lists.isEmpty(books)}">
        <dl th:each="book : ${books}">
            <dt class="bookHeadline">
                <span th:text="${book.title}">Title</span> by <span th:text="${book.author}">Author</span>
                (ISBN: <span th:text="${book.isbn}">ISBN</span>)
            </dt>
            <dd class="bookDescription">
                <span th:if="${book.description}" th:text="${book.description}">Description</span>
                <span th:if="${book.description eq null}"> No description
                    available</span>
            </dd>
        </dl>
    </div>
    <div th:if="${#lists.isEmpty(books)}">
        <p>You have no books in your book list!</p>
    </div>
    <hr />
    <h3>Add a book</h3>
    <form method="POST">
        <label for="title">Title:</label> <input type="text" name="title"
            size="50"></input><br /> <label for="author">Author:</label> <input
            type="text" name="author" size="50"></input><br /> <label for="isbn">ISBN:</label>
        <input type="text" name="isbn" size="15"></input><br /> <label
            for="description">Description:</label><br />
        <textarea name="description" cols="80" rows="5"></textarea>
        <br /> <input type="submit"></input>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

Thymeleaf模板引用了一个名为style.css的样式文件，该文件位于src/main/resources/static目录中:

body {
    background-color: #cccccc;
    font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
}

.bookHeadline {
    font-size: 12pt;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.bookDescription {
    font-size: 10pt;
}

label {
    font-weight: bold;
}

6.配置属性如mysql数据库等，在文件src/main/resources/application.properties.

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.jpa.show-sql=true  
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop
spring.profiles.active=production
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false

7.配置log4j日志，Spring JPA 默认用 logback记录日志，由于可能有版本冲突，可以在pom.xml去除logback依赖，而使用log4j(参见下面的pom.xml)。

在文件src/main/resources/log4j.properties中配置日志：

log4j.rootLogger=info,ServerDailyRollingFile,stdout

log4j.appender.ServerDailyRollingFile=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.ServerDailyRollingFile.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.ServerDailyRollingFile.File=D://test.log
log4j.appender.ServerDailyRollingFile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.ServerDailyRollingFile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.appender.ServerDailyRollingFile.Append=true

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss %p [%c] %m%n

8.完善pom.xml，在自动生成的pom.xml基础上添加一些dependency和plugin。例如，部署war包到外部的Tomcat，将Tomcat依赖的scope设置成provided; Packaging从jar改为war。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
                    <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <warName>demo</warName>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>           
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

9.在 STS中运行Spring Boot App, 在浏览器中访问

http://localhost:8080/demo

(Spring web starter application 内嵌Tomcat)

或者通过mvn clean package生成demo.war，将其部署到外部的Tomcat中，通过

http://localhost:8080/demo/demo

访问。

注意：创建的project没有web.xml文件，所有要在支持servlet 3.0以上的Tomcat上运行。

或者通过命令java -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar运行

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mrszsongzi/article/details/72331801

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