问题描述:
Java中的String类中有一个方法是
split()
,可以根据指定分割符号,将源字符串分割成为一个字符串数组。
在
6921. 按分隔符拆分字符串
这道题目中,需要根据
.,|$#@
这些分割符号来分割源字符串,看下面的测试:
public static void main(String[] args) {
// .,|$#@
String word1="one.two.three";
String separator1=".";
String[] str1 = word1.split(separator1);
System.out.println("one.two.three:"+str1.length);
String word2="one,two,three";
String separator2=",";
String[] str2 = word2.split(separator2);
System.out.println("one,two,three:"+str2.length);
String word3="one|two|three";
String separator3="|";
String[] str3 = word3.split(separator3);
System.out.println("one|two|three:"+str3.length);
String word4="one$two$three";
String separator4="$";
String[] str4 = word4.split(separator4);
System.out.println("one$two$three:"+str4.length);
String word5="one#two#three";
String separator5="#";
String[] str5 = word5.split(separator5);
System.out.println("one#two#three:"+str5.length);
String word6="one@two@three";
String separator6="@";
String[] str6 = word6.split(separator6);
System.out.println("one@two@three:"+str6.length);
}
// 结果:
one.two.three:0
one,two,three:3
one|two|three:13
one$two$three:1
one#two#three:3
one@two@three:3
-
发现结果不是想象中的应该为3
问题原因:
split()
函数中传入的这个参数是作为正则表达式的。因为
. | $
是正则表达式中的元字符,而我这里是把它作为普通字符使用的。而实际传入split后
. | $
被当做元字符处理了,含义也就变了。
问题解决:
在使用
split()
函数的时候,如果要进行分割的符号为这些元字符
.$|()[{^?*+\\
,则要加上
"\\"
进行转义,否则会出现错误。
public static void main(String[] args) {
// .,|$#@
String word1="one.two.three";
String separator1=".";
String[] str1 = word1.split("\\"+separator1);
System.out.println("one.two.three:"+str1.length);
String word2="one,two,three";
String separator2=",";
String[] str2 = word2.split(separator2);
System.out.println("one,two,three:"+str2.length);
String word3="one|two|three";
String separator3="|";
String[] str3 = word3.split("\\"+separator3);
System.out.println("one|two|three:"+str3.length);
String word4="one$two$three";
String separator4="$";
String[] str4 = word4.split("\\"+separator4);
System.out.println("one$two$three:"+str4.length);
String word5="one#two#three";
String separator5="#";
String[] str5 = word5.split(separator5);
System.out.println("one#two#three:"+str5.length);
String word6="one@two@three";
String separator6="@";
String[] str6 = word6.split(separator6);
System.out.println("one@two@three:"+str6.length);
}
// 结果:
one.two.three:3
one,two,three:3
one|two|three:3
one$two$three:3
one#two#three:3
one@two@three:3
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