Android listview使用及动态添加数据

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ListView里面要填充的数据多少是静态的,但在实际开发中,这些数据往往都是动态变化的,比如数据内容发生改变、增加几行、或者删除几行,这就涉及到ListView数据的更新问题。接下来通过一个简单的示例程序来学习ListView的动态添加数据。

1、创建listview的布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_add_dada"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:text="添加数据"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>

2、接着在res/layout/目录下新建一个listview的子布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_num"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_RFID"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="3"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_isSit"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_isFefund"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>
</LinearLayout>

3、创建数据实体类,主要用于显示在列表数据的实体

package com.example.listviewtest;

public class Info {
    private String num;
    private String RFID;
    private String isSit; //是否入座
    private String isFefund;  //是否退票

    public Info(String num, String RFID, String isSit, String isFefund) {
        this.num = num;
        this.RFID = RFID;
        this.isSit = isSit;
        this.isFefund = isFefund;
    }

    public String getNum() {
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(String num) {
        this.num = num;
    }

    public String getRFID() {
        return RFID;
    }

    public void setRFID(String RFID) {
        this.RFID = RFID;
    }

    public String getIsSit() {
        return isSit;
    }

    public void setIsSit(String isSit) {
        this.isSit = isSit;
    }

    public String getIsFefund() {
        return isFefund;
    }

    public void setIsFefund(String isFefund) {
        this.isFefund = isFefund;
    }


}

4、最重要的一步,创建适配器,在适配器中添加一个add方法,通知适配器中数据的更新

package com.example.listviewtest;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class InfoAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Info> {

    private List<Info> listInfo;
    //用于将上下文、listview 子项布局的 id 和数据都传递过来
    public InfoAdapter(@NonNull Context context, int resource, @NonNull List<Info> list) {
        super(context, resource, list);
        listInfo=list;
    }
    //增加一个方法添加动态数据
    public void add(Info info){
        listInfo.add(info);
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }


    //每个子项被滚动到屏幕内的时候会被调用
    @NonNull
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, @Nullable View convertView, @NonNull ViewGroup parent) {
        Info info = getItem(position);//得到当前项的 Info 实例
        //为每一个子项加载设定的布局
        View view;
        if(convertView==null)
        {
            view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.info_item,parent,
                    false);
        }else {
            view = convertView;
        }

        //分别获取子布局textview 的实例
        TextView tv_num=view.findViewById(R.id.tv_num);
        TextView tv_RFID=view.findViewById(R.id.tv_RFID);
        TextView tv_isSit=view.findViewById(R.id.tv_isSit);
        TextView tv_isFefund=view.findViewById(R.id.tv_isFefund);
        // 设置要显示内容
        tv_num.setText(info.getNum());
        tv_RFID.setText(info.getRFID());
        tv_isSit.setText(info.getIsSit());
        tv_isFefund.setText(info.getIsFefund());

        return view;
    }
}

5、最好编写主程序

package com.example.listviewtest;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Info> infoList=new ArrayList<>();
    InfoAdapter adapter;
    ListView listView;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        listView=findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        Info info=new Info("1","adb","a","e");
        //infoList.add(info);
        adapter=new InfoAdapter(MainActivity.this,R.layout.info_item,infoList);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        Button button = findViewById(R.id.btn_add_dada);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Info info=new Info("1","rfid","f","f");
                adapter.add(info);
            }
        });
    }
    
}



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