.a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
.so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
/bin = BINaries
/boot=boot #下面的是开机启动文件
/dev = DEVices #下面的是一些硬件驱动
/etc = ETCetera #目录存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于windows下的system
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries
/tmp = TeMPorary
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var = VARiable ?
ECMA = European Computer Manufacturers Association
FIFO = First In, First Out
Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
LILO = LInux LOader
MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured Query Language
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language” = “Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”
Python Monty Python’s Flying Circus
RPM：Red hat package manager
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
alias :Create your own name for a command
apache = “a patchy” server
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）
ar = archiver
as = assembler
awk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan” 三个作者的姓的第一个字母
bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell linux内核
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
bg = BackGround
biff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。
bin = BINaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件
cal = CALendar
cat: concatenate连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
cd = Change Directory（改变目录）
chgrp: Change group 改变用户组
chmod: Change mode 改变模式
chown: Change owner 改变所有者
chsh = CHange SHell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
cp = CoPy
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd”
df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
dpkg：Debian package manager
du: Disk usage 硬盘使用率
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
grep:global regular expression print
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
httpd :Start Apache
insmod：Install module 安装模块
ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
joe = Joe’s Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder
ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出动态相依
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
ln: Link files
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsmod：List module 列表模块
lsof = LiSt Open Files
ls：list(列出目录内容)
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录
mkfs: Make file system
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv: Move file
nano = Nano’s ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor
pine = “Program for Internet News & Email” = “Pine is not Elm”
ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts
ping = Packet InterNet Grouper
ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
ps -auxf 显示进程状态
ps = Processes Status
ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 常用参数：－auxf
ps：Process Status 进程状态
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
pwd：Print working directory
rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell
reboot: Restart your computer
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
rmmod：Remove module 删除模块
rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager = 红帽子打包管理
rpm： 即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
seamoneky = 我
sed = Stream EDitor
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
sudo:Superuser do
su：Swith user 切换用户，切换到root用户
svn = SubVersioN
tar：Tape archive 解压文件
tcsh = TENEX C shell
tee = T (T形水管接口)
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art
touch
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom’s Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User’s LIMIT
umask = User’s MASK
umount: Unmount 卸载
uname: Unix name 系统名称
uniq = UNIQue
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler
文件结尾的”rc”（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
部分Linux命令缩写