1. 迁移前的准备
多个PHP项目,各个项目框架相同,lnmp方式。迁移到nginx可以实现快速扩容,不同项目使用同一套k8s而不需要新建太多虚拟机,节省了成本。
前期只迁移无状态应用,有状态应用如mysql、redis、rabbitmq仍使用之前的,因为目前项目全都是放在云平台,只需要将k8s部署到之前相同的VPC网段,既可以实现平滑无缝迁移。
传统项目中,nginx和PHP都是安装在同一台server中,通过fastcgi监听127.0.0.1:9000来获取PHP代码的解析结果,考虑到部署的便捷性,将PHP-FPM和nginx放在同一个pod里面的不同容器内,这样仍然可以通过localhost间进行通信。
部署以下项目前需要先部署k8s环境、Ingress-nginx controller,发布的话,可另外部署Jenkins
2. 相关dockerfile及yaml文件
所有文件已放在GitHub,可点击查看
NoviceZeng/nginx-php-k8s
(1). nginx的Dockerfile
nginx.conf一般不会修改,直接打包到镜像里面,此处关于nginx调用redsi、mysql、rabbitmq的PHP相关配置main-local.php、params-local.php也放入镜像
FROM nginx:1.17.0
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
RUN rm -rf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf \
&& mkdir -p /data/conf/viba_back \
&& mkdir -p /data/client_h5/dist \
&& mkdir -p /data/dev_back
COPY client_h5/dist /data/client_h5/dist/
COPY viba_back /data/conf/viba_back/
COPY dev_back /data/dev_back/
(2). php的Dockerfile
根据实际项目安装PHP扩展,此处需要安装redis、rabbitmq和mysql的扩展,通过php-extension-installer使用PHP官方镜像,很easy实现了模块扩展
FROM php:7.2-fpm
#使用install-php-extensions安装PHP的扩展模块redis、rabbitmq、mysql
COPY --from=mlocati/php-extension-installer /usr/bin/install-php-extensions /usr/bin/
RUN install-php-extensions redis amqp mysqli pdo_mysql \
&& mkdir -p /data/dev_back
#考虑到以上相关PHP模块安装耗时,可以将以上打包成新镜像
COPY dev_back /data/dev_back/
(3). nginx的ConfigMap
nginx中conf.d下面的配置文件通过configmap通过存储卷挂载到pod中,如下:
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: nginx-php-config
data:
m.abc.com.conf: |
server {
listen 80;
server_name m.abc.com;
charset utf-8;
root /data/client_h5/dist;
access_log /var/log/nginx/m.abc.com-access_json.log json;
error_log /var/log/nginx/m.abc.com-error_json.log;
index index.html index.htm;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html$is_args$args;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
try_files $uri =404;
}
}
api.abc.com.conf: |
server {
listen 81;
server_name _;
charset utf-8;
root /data/dev_back/appapi/web;
access_log /var/log/nginx/m.abc.com-access_json.log json;
error_log /var/log/nginx/m.abc.com-error_json.log;
index index.php;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location / {
if ( $request_method = OPTIONS ) {
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods GET,POST,PUT,PATCH,DELETE,OPTIONS,HEAD;
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers Origin,X-Requested-With,Content-Type,Accept,Authorization;
return 200;
}
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
try_files $uri =404;
}
location ~* /\. {
deny all;
}
}
(4). nginx php deployment
部署deployment需要先部署以下配置:
kubectl apply -f
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stakater/Reloader/master/deployments/kubernetes/reloader.yaml
kubectl apply -f nginx-cm.yml
部署deployment: kubectl apply -f php-nginx-deployment.yaml
要点提示:
- 更新发布前端js代码时,只需要打包构建nginx镜像,推送到镜像仓库后后,修改deployment中新的image地址,例如:nginx-1.17.0:3
- 此处将PHP-fpm、nginx分两个容器放入同一个pod中(Dockerfile见上),这样nginx的config中可以通过127.0.0.1::9000直接调用后端。这样存在弊端,由于nginx和PHP都需要获取后端代码,因此需要将新的后端代码分别打包构建成新的php、nginx镜像。不过后端代码不需要编译,即便多一次打包,理论上不会花费太多时间。如果nginx和PHP放入同一个容器中,就如同部署到同一台虚拟机中,只需要发布一次,不过这样违反k8s一个容器一个进程的理念,不能解耦软件依赖
- deployment中添加reloader注解,实现configmap变更后的热更新,即修改nginx配置文件,例如增加域名后,实现deployment滚动升级(至少75%的pod副本处于运行状态),点击此处:
stakater
/
Reloader
查看该配置
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: php-fpm-nginx
annotations:
configmap.reloader.stakater.com/reload: "nginx-php-config"
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: php-fpm-nginx
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: php-fpm-nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: php-fpm
image: 10.70.128.51/library/php-fpm:3
ports:
- containerPort: 9000
- name: nginx
image: 10.70.128.51/library/nginx-1.17.0:3
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumeMounts:
# nginx调用redis、rabbitmq、mysql等配置文件,由于之前架构设计,这里暂且将conf和代码打包到镜像,而不是挂载
# - name: php-conf
# mountPath: /data/
- name: nginx-php-config
mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d/
volumes:
- name: nginx-php-config
configMap:
name: nginx-php-config
#- name: php-conf
# persistentVolumeClaim:
# claimName: php-conf
(5). k8s service.yaml
kubectl apply -f service.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: php-fpm-nginx
spec:
selector:
app: php-fpm-nginx
type: NodePort
ports:
- name: m
port: 80
targetPort: 80
nodePort: 30010
- name: api
port: 81
targetPort: 81
nodePort: 30011
(6). k8s ingress.yaml
前端通过api接口调用后端,此处api接口也需要通过ingress暴露出来
kubectl apply -f service.yaml
kind: Ingress
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: php-fpm-nginx
spec:
rules:
- host: m.abc.com
http:
paths:
- backend:
serviceName: php-fpm-nginx
servicePort: 80
- host: api.abc.com
http:
paths:
- backend:
serviceName: php-fpm-nginx
servicePort: 81