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RxJava在github上的地址:https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxJava
RxAndroid在github上的地址:https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxAndroid
本文主要介绍RxAndroid的使用,如果对于RxJava还不熟悉的可以先看一下RxJava的介绍文章。
Android的程序是用Java书写的,Android也有一些自己的线程模型,例如AsyncTask和Handler等。RxJava正是结合了前面的这几项,在此基础上推出了RxAndroid。下面介绍使用。
首先,我们在项目中引入RxAndroid,主要是在gradle脚本中引入下面两句话即可。
dependencies { compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar']) testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12' compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1' compile 'com.android.support:design:23.1.1' //引入RxAndroid----begin compile 'io.reactivex:rxandroid:1.1.0' compile 'io.reactivex:rxjava:1.1.0' //引入RxAndroid----end }
这样就可以在Android代码中使用RxAndroid了,下面的例子展示了一段使用RxAndroid书写的代码:
Observable.just("one", "two", "three", "four", "five") .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .subscribe(/* an Observer */);
这一段代码是在RxAndroid的官网上写的一段示例的代码。这里可以看出来,与RxJava相比较,其主要增加了如下的几个java文件:
AndroidSchedulers BuildConfig HandlerScheduler MainThreadSubscription RxAndroidPlugins RxAndroidSchedulersHook
下面分别对这几个文件的源码看一下:
1.AndroidSchedulers类的源码
public final class AndroidSchedulers { private AndroidSchedulers() { throw new AssertionError("No instances"); } private static class MainThreadSchedulerHolder { static final Scheduler MAIN_THREAD_SCHEDULER = new HandlerScheduler(new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())); } public static Scheduler mainThread() { Scheduler scheduler = RxAndroidPlugins.getInstance().getSchedulersHook().getMainThreadScheduler(); return scheduler != null ? scheduler : MainThreadSchedulerHolder.MAIN_THREAD_SCHEDULER; } }
这个类主要提供了MainThread调度器,在RxAndroid中需要在主线程中处理的食物都需要用到这个类的mainThread。
2.BuildConfig类的源码:
public final class BuildConfig { public static final boolean DEBUG = false; public static final String APPLICATION_ID = "rx.android"; public static final String BUILD_TYPE = "release"; public static final String FLAVOR = ""; public static final int VERSION_CODE = -1; public static final String VERSION_NAME = ""; }
主要是一些常量配置。
3.HandlerScheduler类的源码:
public final class HandlerScheduler extends Scheduler { public static HandlerScheduler from(Handler handler) { //从一个Handler中创建一个Scheduler if (handler == null) throw new NullPointerException("handler == null"); return new HandlerScheduler(handler); } private final Handler handler; HandlerScheduler(Handler handler) { this.handler = handler; } @Override public Worker createWorker() {//覆盖Scheduler的createWorker函数,创建基于Handler的Worker return new HandlerWorker(handler); } static class HandlerWorker extends Worker { private final Handler handler; private final CompositeSubscription compositeSubscription = new CompositeSubscription(); HandlerWorker(Handler handler) { this.handler = handler; } @Override public void unsubscribe() { compositeSubscription.unsubscribe(); } @Override public boolean isUnsubscribed() { return compositeSubscription.isUnsubscribed(); } @Override public Subscription schedule(Action0 action, long delayTime, TimeUnit unit) {//覆盖Worker的调度函数schedule if (compositeSubscription.isUnsubscribed()) { return Subscriptions.unsubscribed(); } action = RxAndroidPlugins.getInstance().getSchedulersHook().onSchedule(action); final ScheduledAction scheduledAction = new ScheduledAction(action); scheduledAction.addParent(compositeSubscription); compositeSubscription.add(scheduledAction); handler.postDelayed(scheduledAction, unit.toMillis(delayTime));//使用Handler处理这个调度动作ScheduleAction scheduledAction.add(Subscriptions.create(new Action0() { @Override public void call() { handler.removeCallbacks(scheduledAction);//这句话保证当调度动作被取消的时候,能够及时把这个action从Handler中移除 } })); return scheduledAction; } @Override public Subscription schedule(final Action0 action) { return schedule(action, 0, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); } } }
HandlerScheduler 类就是使用Handler作为处理核心的Scheduler类。
4.MainThreadSubscription类的源码:
public abstract class MainThreadSubscription implements Subscription { public static void verifyMainThread() { //静态方法,判断当前线程是否是主线程 if (Looper.myLooper() != Looper.getMainLooper()) { throw new IllegalStateException( "Expected to be called on the main thread but was " + Thread.currentThread().getName()); } } private final AtomicBoolean unsubscribed = new AtomicBoolean(); @Override public final boolean isUnsubscribed() { return unsubscribed.get(); } @Override public final void unsubscribe() {//主线程的取消订阅 if (unsubscribed.compareAndSet(false, true)) { if (Looper.myLooper() == Looper.getMainLooper()) {//如果是主线程直接进行 onUnsubscribe(); } else { AndroidSchedulers.mainThread().createWorker().schedule(new Action0() {//如果不是主线程,就创建创建一个Action放到主线程中去执行 @Override public void call() { onUnsubscribe(); } }); } } } protected abstract void onUnsubscribe(); }
MainThreadSubscription类主要在意的就是unsubscribe的执行线程,这里采取一切方式保证其在主线程中执行。
5.RxAndroidPlugins类的源码:
public final class RxAndroidPlugins {//这个类的主要作用就是维护了一个RxAndroidSchedulersHook private static final RxAndroidPlugins INSTANCE = new RxAndroidPlugins(); public static RxAndroidPlugins getInstance() { return INSTANCE; } private final AtomicReference<RxAndroidSchedulersHook> schedulersHook = new AtomicReference<RxAndroidSchedulersHook>(); RxAndroidPlugins() { } @Beta public void reset() { schedulersHook.set(null); } public RxAndroidSchedulersHook getSchedulersHook() { if (schedulersHook.get() == null) { schedulersHook.compareAndSet(null, RxAndroidSchedulersHook.getDefaultInstance());//如果原来是null,就设置一个RxAndroidSchedulersHook // We don't return from here but call get() again in case of thread-race so the winner will // always get returned. } return schedulersHook.get(); } public void registerSchedulersHook(RxAndroidSchedulersHook impl) { if (!schedulersHook.compareAndSet(null, impl)) {//如果原来的RxAndroidSchedulerHook是空,则直接持有,否则抛出异常 throw new IllegalStateException( "Another strategy was already registered: " + schedulersHook.get()); } } }
可以看出RxAndroidSchedulerHook必须在使用前注册,一旦使用就不能再注册了。
6.RxAndroidSchedulersHook类的源码:
public class RxAndroidSchedulersHook { private static final RxAndroidSchedulersHook DEFAULT_INSTANCE = new RxAndroidSchedulersHook(); public static RxAndroidSchedulersHook getDefaultInstance() { return DEFAULT_INSTANCE; } public Scheduler getMainThreadScheduler() { return null; } public Action0 onSchedule(Action0 action) { return action; } }
这是RxAndroid提供的一个默认的RxAndroidSchedulerHook类,程序员也可以自己定义一个这样的类注册到RxAndroidPlugins中,但是必须在使用RxAndroidPlugins之前注册。
自定义的RxAndroidSchedulerHook类可以覆盖onSchedule函数,在这里进行一些处理,例如日志记录等。
以上只是说明了RxAndroid与RxJava中不一样的地方,并没有尝试说明RxJava是什么,在阅读本文之前,读者应该先弄明白这个问题。
现在再来看之前的两个例子就很明白了:
public class ReactiveFragment extends Fragment {//在UI线程中的例子 @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Observable.just("one", "two", "three", "four", "five") .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()) .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()) .subscribe(/* an Observer */); }
new Thread(new Runnable() {//在其他线程中的例子 @Override public void run() { final Handler handler = new Handler(); //绑定到这个线程的Handler Observable.just("one", "two", "three", "four", "five") .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()) .observeOn(HandlerScheduler.from(handler)) .subscribe(/* an Observer */) // perform work, ... } }, "custom-thread-1").start();
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