老外写的一段代码,在Server中编写这个类读取配置文件比较实用
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//Config.h
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#pragma once
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#include <string>
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#include <map>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <fstream>
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#include <sstream>
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-
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/*
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* \brief Generic configuration Class
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*
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*/
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class
Config {
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// Data
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protected
:
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std::string m_Delimiter;
//!< separator between key and value
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std::string m_Comment;
//!< separator between value and comments
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std::map<std::string,std::string> m_Contents;
//!< extracted keys and values
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typedef
std::map<std::string,std::string>::iterator mapi;
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typedef
std::map<std::string,std::string>::const_iterator mapci;
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// Methods
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public
:
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Config( std::string filename,std::string delimiter =
“=”
,std::string comment =
“#”
);
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Config();
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template
<
class
T> T Read(
const
std::string& in_key )
const
;
//!<Search for key and read value or optional default value, call as read<T>
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template
<
class
T> T Read(
const
std::string& in_key,
const
T& in_value )
const
;
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template
<
class
T>
bool
ReadInto( T& out_var,
const
std::string& in_key )
const
;
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template
<
class
T>
-
bool
ReadInto( T& out_var,
const
std::string& in_key,
const
T& in_value )
const
;
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bool
FileExist(std::string filename);
-
void
ReadFile(std::string filename,std::string delimiter =
“=”
,std::string comment =
“#”
);
-
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// Check whether key exists in configuration
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bool
KeyExists(
const
std::string& in_key )
const
;
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// Modify keys and values
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template
<
class
T>
void
Add(
const
std::string& in_key,
const
T& in_value );
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void
Remove(
const
std::string& in_key );
-
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// Check or change configuration syntax
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std::string GetDelimiter()
const
{
return
m_Delimiter; }
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std::string GetComment()
const
{
return
m_Comment; }
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std::string SetDelimiter(
const
std::string& in_s )
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{ std::string old = m_Delimiter; m_Delimiter = in_s;
return
old; }
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std::string SetComment(
const
std::string& in_s )
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{ std::string old = m_Comment; m_Comment = in_s;
return
old; }
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// Write or read configuration
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friend
std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream& os,
const
Config& cf );
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friend
std::istream& operator>>( std::istream& is, Config& cf );
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protected
:
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template
<
class
T>
static
std::string T_as_string(
const
T& t );
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template
<
class
T>
static
T string_as_T(
const
std::string& s );
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static
void
Trim( std::string& inout_s );
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-
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// Exception types
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public
:
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struct
File_not_found {
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std::string filename;
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File_not_found(
const
std::string& filename_ = std::string() )
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: filename(filename_) {} };
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struct
Key_not_found {
// thrown only by T read(key) variant of read()
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std::string key;
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Key_not_found(
const
std::string& key_ = std::string() )
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: key(key_) {} };
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};
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-
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/* static */
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template
<
class
T>
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std::string Config::T_as_string(
const
T& t )
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{
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// Convert from a T to a string
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// Type T must support << operator
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std::ostringstream ost;
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ost << t;
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return
ost.str();
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}
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/* static */
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template
<
class
T>
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T Config::string_as_T(
const
std::string& s )
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{
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// Convert from a string to a T
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// Type T must support >> operator
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T t;
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std::istringstream ist(s);
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ist >> t;
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return
t;
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}
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-
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/* static */
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template
<>
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inline
std::string Config::string_as_T<std::string>(
const
std::string& s )
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{
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// Convert from a string to a string
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// In other words, do nothing
-
return
s;
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}
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-
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/* static */
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template
<>
-
inline
bool
Config::string_as_T<
bool
>(
const
std::string& s )
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{
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// Convert from a string to a bool
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// Interpret “false”, “F”, “no”, “n”, “0” as false
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// Interpret “true”, “T”, “yes”, “y”, “1”, “-1”, or anything else as true
-
bool
b =
true
;
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std::string sup = s;
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for
( std::string::iterator p = sup.begin(); p != sup.end(); ++p )
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*p = toupper(*p);
// make string all caps
-
if
( sup==std::string(
“FALSE”
) || sup==std::string(
“F”
) ||
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sup==std::string(
“NO”
) || sup==std::string(
“N”
) ||
-
sup==std::string(
“0”
) || sup==std::string(
“NONE”
) )
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b =
false
;
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return
b;
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}
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-
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template
<
class
T>
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T Config::Read(
const
std::string& key )
const
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{
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// Read the value corresponding to key
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mapci p = m_Contents.find(key);
-
if
( p == m_Contents.end() )
throw
Key_not_found(key);
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return
string_as_T<T>( p->second );
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}
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template
<
class
T>
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T Config::Read(
const
std::string& key,
const
T& value )
const
-
{
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// Return the value corresponding to key or given default value
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// if key is not found
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mapci p = m_Contents.find(key);
-
if
( p == m_Contents.end() )
return
value;
-
return
string_as_T<T>( p->second );
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}
-
-
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template
<
class
T>
-
bool
Config::ReadInto( T& var,
const
std::string& key )
const
-
{
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// Get the value corresponding to key and store in var
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// Return true if key is found
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// Otherwise leave var untouched
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mapci p = m_Contents.find(key);
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bool
found = ( p != m_Contents.end() );
-
if
( found ) var = string_as_T<T>( p->second );
-
return
found;
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}
-
-
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template
<
class
T>
-
bool
Config::ReadInto( T& var,
const
std::string& key,
const
T& value )
const
-
{
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// Get the value corresponding to key and store in var
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// Return true if key is found
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// Otherwise set var to given default
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mapci p = m_Contents.find(key);
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bool
found = ( p != m_Contents.end() );
-
if
( found )
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var = string_as_T<T>( p->second );
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else
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var = value;
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return
found;
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}
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template
<
class
T>
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void
Config::Add(
const
std::string& in_key,
const
T& value )
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{
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// Add a key with given value
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std::string v = T_as_string( value );
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std::string key=in_key;
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trim(key);
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trim(v);
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m_Contents[key] = v;
-
return
;
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}
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// Config.cpp
-
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#include “Config.h”
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using
namespace
std;
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-
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Config::Config( string filename, string delimiter,
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string comment )
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: m_Delimiter(delimiter), m_Comment(comment)
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{
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// Construct a Config, getting keys and values from given file
-
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std::ifstream in( filename.c_str() );
-
-
if
( !in )
throw
File_not_found( filename );
-
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in >> (*
this
);
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}
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Config::Config()
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: m_Delimiter( string(1,
‘=’
) ), m_Comment( string(1,
‘#’
) )
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{
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// Construct a Config without a file; empty
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}
-
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bool
Config::KeyExists(
const
string& key )
const
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{
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// Indicate whether key is found
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mapci p = m_Contents.find( key );
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return
( p != m_Contents.end() );
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}
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/* static */
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void
Config::Trim( string& inout_s )
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{
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// Remove leading and trailing whitespace
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static
const
char
whitespace[] =
” \n\t\v\r\f”
;
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inout_s.erase( 0, inout_s.find_first_not_of(whitespace) );
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inout_s.erase( inout_s.find_last_not_of(whitespace) + 1U );
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}
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std::ostream& operator<<( std::ostream& os,
const
Config& cf )
-
{
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// Save a Config to os
-
for
( Config::mapci p = cf.m_Contents.begin();
-
p != cf.m_Contents.end();
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++p )
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{
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os << p->first <<
” ”
<< cf.m_Delimiter <<
” ”
;
-
os << p->second << std::endl;
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}
-
return
os;
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}
-
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void
Config::Remove(
const
string& key )
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{
-
// Remove key and its value
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m_Contents.erase( m_Contents.find( key ) );
-
return
;
-
}
-
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std::istream& operator>>( std::istream& is, Config& cf )
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{
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// Load a Config from is
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// Read in keys and values, keeping internal whitespace
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typedef
string::size_type pos;
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const
string& delim = cf.m_Delimiter;
// separator
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const
string& comm = cf.m_Comment;
// comment
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const
pos skip = delim.length();
// length of separator
-
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string nextline =
“”
;
// might need to read ahead to see where value ends
-
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while
( is || nextline.length() > 0 )
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{
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// Read an entire line at a time
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string line;
-
if
( nextline.length() > 0 )
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{
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line = nextline;
// we read ahead; use it now
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nextline =
“”
;
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}
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else
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{
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std::getline( is, line );
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}
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// Ignore comments
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line = line.substr( 0, line.find(comm) );
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// Parse the line if it contains a delimiter
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pos delimPos = line.find( delim );
-
if
( delimPos < string::npos )
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{
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// Extract the key
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string key = line.substr( 0, delimPos );
-
line.replace( 0, delimPos+skip,
“”
);
-
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// See if value continues on the next line
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// Stop at blank line, next line with a key, end of stream,
-
// or end of file sentry
-
bool
terminate =
false
;
-
while
( !terminate && is )
-
{
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std::getline( is, nextline );
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terminate =
true
;
-
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string nlcopy = nextline;
-
Config::Trim(nlcopy);
-
if
( nlcopy ==
“”
)
continue
;
-
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nextline = nextline.substr( 0, nextline.find(comm) );
-
if
( nextline.find(delim) != string::npos )
-
continue
;
-
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nlcopy = nextline;
-
Config::Trim(nlcopy);
-
if
( nlcopy !=
“”
) line +=
“\n”
;
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line += nextline;
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terminate =
false
;
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}
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// Store key and value
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Config::Trim(key);
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Config::Trim(line);
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cf.m_Contents[key] = line;
// overwrites if key is repeated
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}
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}
-
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return
is;
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}
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bool
Config::FileExist(std::string filename)
-
{
-
bool
exist=
false
;
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std::ifstream in( filename.c_str() );
-
if
( in )
-
exist =
true
;
-
return
exist;
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}
-
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void
Config::ReadFile( string filename, string delimiter,
-
string comment )
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{
-
m_Delimiter = delimiter;
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m_Comment = comment;
-
std::ifstream in( filename.c_str() );
-
-
if
( !in )
throw
File_not_found( filename );
-
-
in >> (*
this
);
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}
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//main.cpp
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#include “Config.h”
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int
main()
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{
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int
port;
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std::string ipAddress;
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std::string username;
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std::string password;
-
const
char
ConfigFile[]=
“config.txt”
;
-
Config configSettings(ConfigFile);
-
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port = configSettings.Read(
“port”
, 0);
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ipAddress = configSettings.Read(
“ipAddress”
, ipAddress);
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username = configSettings.Read(
“username”
, username);
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password = configSettings.Read(
“password”
, password);
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std::cout<<
“port:”
<<port<<std::endl;
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std::cout<<
“ipAddress:”
<<ipAddress<<std::endl;
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std::cout<<
“username:”
<<username<<std::endl;
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std::cout<<
“password:”
<<password<<std::endl;
-
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return
0;
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}
config.txt的文件内容:
ipAddress=10.10.90.125
port=3001
username=mark
password=2d2df5a
编译运行输出:
port:3001
ipAddress:10.10.90.125
username:mark
password:2d2df5a
这个类还有很多其他的方法,可以调用试试。
原文地址:
http://cooker.iteye.com/blog/777455